Discusses the difficulties and advantages of using spoken Chinese in explaining such points as vocabulary or usage to the student of literary Chinese. (FB)

Describes the function of English modal verbs, arranging them in categories: permitting, asking permission, forbidding, commanding, exhorting, requesting, conjecturing, wishing. Various nuances are illustrated with numerous examples. For the clear, unambiguous functioning of each modal verb, an ample context is a prerequisite. (Text is in German.)…

Teachers must learn to accept the fact that variation in language is part of the communicative competence of a linguistically mature individual. (RC)

About "Beyond the Dictionary in Spanish," by A. Bryson Gerrard. (SK)

This volume of Persian language texts is designed to accompany the author's "Modern Persian Prose Literature" (Cambridge,1966), and contains representative passages from the works of the more important Iranian writers of the last 100 years. The selections, from 26 different sources, are intended to familiarize the foreign student with both the…

Argues that literature should have a place in the language learning process. Since colloquial and literary styles overlap, it is felt that the two styles should not remain separated in actual life. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

Authors believe that the best immediate contribution of systematic language study would be to sweep away the morass of simple ignorance in which literacy is now caught, the elaborate folklore that prevails in language matters. (Authors/MB)

Problems and methods of teaching practical stylistics to students of Russian are discussed. (RM)