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Collins, Laura; Halter, Randall H.; Lightbown, Patsy M.; Spada, Nina – TESOL Quarterly, 1999
Reports the results of research investigating the effectiveness of three types of English-as-Second-Language (ESL) programs in Quebec. Equivalent ESL curricula were taught over the regular 10-month school year in "distributed" programs, over a 5-month period in "massed" programs, and over a 5-month period along with…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Extracurricular Activities, Foreign Countries, Grade 6
Lightbown, Patsy M.; Barkman, Bruce – 1978
The first year of a three-year longitudinal study of the English language development of 175 French-speaking elementary and secondary school students in Quebec, Canada, is described. The major study goals are: to obtain precise longitudinal information on ESL development; to describe aspects of classroom interaction, including language used by the…
Descriptors: Class Activities, Classroom Communication, Communicative Competence (Languages), Elementary Secondary Education