The Applied Language Centre at University College Dublin offers foreign language modules to students in ten languages at CEFR [Common European Framework of Reference for Languages] levels ranging from A1 to B2. Efforts have been underway in the Centre to standardise the assessment components across languages to ensure parity between module credits…

English as a tool of communication has been playing an important part in acquiring cultural, scientific and technical knowledge, for collecting worldwide information and carrying out international exchange and cooperation. Improving college students' oral English level has become more and more important. Based on Richard E. Mayer's theory of…

The instructional manual for an individualized course in introductory college-level Polish presents the first five units and a review section. Each unit contains: (1) a student-instructor grading checklist; (2) a list of primary performance objectives of the unit; (3) student activity schedule integrating text readings, tape assignments, and…

The instructional manual for the second segment of an individualized course in college-level introductory Polish includes outlines for five learning modules (units 6-10 of the course) and a review. Each unit contains: (1) a student-instructor grading checklist; (2) a list of primary performance objectives of the unit; (3) student activity schedule…