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Download full textShin’ichiro Ishikawa – LEARN Journal: Language Education and Acquisition Research Network, 2025
A writer's L1 is generally believed to influence their L2 English writing significantly. However, the extent to which L1 backgrounds influence Asian learners' L2 English writing has not been wholly elucidated due to the lack of data covering various learners in Asia. Therefore, this study analysed more than one-million-word essays written by 2,318…
Descriptors: Native Language, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Nematizadeh, Shahin – Journal for the Psychology of Language Learning, 2021
Willingness to communicate (WTC) has recently been researched as a dynamic variable, with some investigations viewing it as a complex dynamic system (CDS). One important property associated with CDS is the notion of attractor states, which are characterized by stable patterns of behavior. The present study employed an idiodynamic method to monitor…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Language Fluency, Task Analysis
