This article questions the dominant understanding that immigrant and refugee parents in parent-teacher conferences are silent because they come from a culture where one does not question the authority of the teacher. Instead, it is argued that they "become" silent through certain interactional processes. Building on material from an…

This paper is a beginning attempt to "decolonize" one's understanding of multiculturalism in music education. The author first considers the ways race is embedded as coded language in discourse, and the ways one's use of coded language hinders one's ability to talk about race directly. In this regard, the author addresses the silence that…