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Eoyang, Eugene – ADFL Bulletin, 1990
Reflects on the actual use of the English first-person plural pronoun "we," exploring cultural and social values of such usage and how the pronoun, as currently and frequently used, actually excludes populations and individuals assumed to be included and supports ethnocentric values. (CB)
Descriptors: English, Ethnocentrism, Language Patterns, Language Usage

Ariel, Mira – Journal of Linguistics, 1988
Argues that referring expressions in all languages are specialized as to the degree of accessibility they mark. The treatment of referring expressions should not be separate from expressions which serve as antecedents as opposed to those which are always anaphoric. (CB)
Descriptors: Language Patterns, Language Universals, Language Usage, Linguistic Theory

Redfern, Richard K. – English Journal, 1996
Explains why people say "for she and I"--and argues that such usage is correct. (RS)
Descriptors: Grammar, Language Patterns, Language Usage, Pronouns
Sandness, Karen – Journal of the Association of Teachers of Japanese, 1975
Percentages of unexpected pronominal usage in Japanese are listed. Data was gathered from Japanese magazine articles concerning individuals. Tendencies rather than strict rules became evident. (SC)
Descriptors: Japanese, Language Patterns, Language Styles, Language Usage

Newman, Michael – Language in Society, 1992
In an examination of pronominal disagreements, this study examined how speakers on certain television interview programs resolve problems of agreement with formally singular epicene antecedents. The form most frequently used is "they," and some forms found in written English hardly occur. (54 references) (Author/LB)
Descriptors: Discourse Analysis, Grammar, Language Patterns, Language Usage
Hook, Donald D. – IRAL, 1989
Analysis of the major changes and shifts of American English personal pronouns, possessive adjectives, and archaic forms concludes that: (1) an anaphoric pronoun unmarked as to gender is being created by usage; and (2) clear, grammatical, pronominal plurality is sought, but not at the expense of unmarked gender. (CB)
Descriptors: Language Patterns, Language Usage, North American English, Pronouns

Purnell, Sandra E. – Journal of Communication, 1978
Examines the representation of women in the language of important public communication events such as formal public speeches delivered by male political candidates. (MH)
Descriptors: Discourse Analysis, Females, Language Patterns, Language Usage

Paulston, Christina Bratt – Studia Linguistica, 1975
This paper investigates the address avoidance of second person personal pronouns in Swedish in terms of language universals and the relationship between deviation from a universal linguistic feature and social structural change. Available from Liber Laeromedel, Box 1205, S-22105 Lund, Sweden. (Author)
Descriptors: Form Classes (Languages), Language Patterns, Language Universals, Language Usage

Bate, Barbara – Journal of Communication, 1978
Reports research designed to assess changes speakers are making in their language patterns and how speakers begin and evaluate these changes. (MH)
Descriptors: Behavioral Science Research, Females, Language Patterns, Language Usage

Wu, Caroline Hsiao – Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association, 1973
Descriptors: Articulation (Speech), Chinese, Chinese Culture, Language Patterns

Peng, Fred C. C. – Language Sciences, 1982
Discusses the current meager state of knowledge of sex differentiation in language variation and concludes that poor theorizing and inadequate methodology are to blame. Describes a study of pronoun usage by male and female Japanese speakers to show that research on sex differentiation in language is possible. (EKN)
Descriptors: Japanese, Language Patterns, Language Research, Language Usage

Kirsner, Robert S. – 1976
The Dutch deictics are typically given a locative analysis: the adverbial pronoun "hier" ("here") and the demonstrative "deze" ("this") are said to point near the speaker, "daar" ("there") and "die" ("that") to point far, with "er" (weak "there") and the article "de" ("the") left unspecified (Bech 1952:7). The present paper rejects this view,…
Descriptors: Adverbs, Determiners (Languages), Dutch, Language Patterns

Bridgeland, William M. – College Student Journal, 1977
The third person singular pronouns are either neuter or sex linked even in situations where they should be neutral. When the sex is unknown then a substitute, for example "heesh" should be used. The present paper examines several of these awkward words and makes recommendations for substitutes. (Author)
Descriptors: Change Strategies, Language Patterns, Language Usage, Models
Pinchon, Jacqueline – Francais dans le Monde, 1976
Explores the use of reflexive pronouns in French. (Text is in French.) (CLK)
Descriptors: French, Grammar, Language Instruction, Language Patterns

Ford, Jerome C. – French Review, 1974
Descriptors: Case (Grammar), Comparative Analysis, Descriptive Linguistics, French