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Peer reviewedRichards, Jack C. – Language Learning, 1979
Describes the processes by which distinctive varieties of English develop in areas where English functions as a second language. The distinctions between rhetorical and communicative norms for speech events in these varieties are discussed. (Author/AM)
Descriptors: Descriptive Linguistics, Dialect Studies, English, Language Styles
Richards, Jack C. – 1978
From a consideration of variability in language-learner and language-user data, the concept of proficiency is considered in relation to models of second and foreign language learning. Proficiency is defined in relation to four separate dimensions: grammatical well-formedness, speech-act rules, functional elaboration, and code diversity. This…
Descriptors: Communication (Thought Transfer), Cultural Influences, English, English (Second Language)
