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Hornberger, Nancy H.; Tapia, Aldo Anzures; Hanks, David H.; Dueñas, Frances Kvietok – Language Teaching, 2018
A decade ago, Hornberger & Johnson proposed that the ethnography of language planning and policy (ELPP) offers a useful way to understand how people create, interpret, and at times resist language policy and planning (LPP). They envisioned ethnographic investigation of layered LPP ideological and implementational spaces, taking up Hornberger's…
Descriptors: Ethnography, Language Planning, Second Language Learning, Language Usage
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Macaro, Ernesto; Hultgren, Anna Kristina; Kirkpatrick, Andy; Lasagabaster, David – Language Teaching, 2019
In virtually every research paper on this topic we come across we read that, in the particular context that the writer is operating, English as a medium of instruction (EMI) is on the increase. But what exactly is EMI? If we consider every classroom around the world in which learners are exposed to English language as their second language (L2) we…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Language of Instruction