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Djou, Dakia N.; Ntelu, Asna; Hinta, Ellyana – Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2023
The Gorontalo language has coexisted with the Indonesian language for years, resulting in significant cohesion between two languages. Code-mixing is said to be a byproduct of such cohesion. The present study aimed to examine this linguistic phenomenon to what extent the Gorontalo language speakers code-mix between their native language (the…
Descriptors: Marriage, Speech Acts, Code Switching (Language), Language Usage
Phillips Galloway, Emily; Meston, Heather M.; Aguilar, Gladys – TESOL Quarterly: A Journal for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages and of Standard English as a Second Dialect, 2022
Classrooms are not always linguistically permeable, and instruction focused on bolstering English reading comprehension too often neglects students' additional linguistic resources in languages other than English. However, to the task of comprehending English text, multilingual readers bring a host of communicative resources across multiple…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Bilingualism
Ebrahimzadeh Poustchi, Mahtab; Amirian, Zahra – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2021
A new trend in the creation of multimodal products has been to include various ethnicities and languages to be more representative of current societies. The presence of more than one language can be problematic and challenging for translators, and consequently, various scholars have attempted to propose possible strategies for rendering such…
Descriptors: Visual Aids, Multilingualism, Indo European Languages, Films
Xinye Zhang – ProQuest LLC, 2023
This dissertation draws on both qualitative and quantitative approaches to investigate the linguistic practices of teachers and children who are learning Mandarin Chinese as a Heritage Language (CHL) in two dual immersion preschools in California. CHL children have been interpreted as novice members in local speech communities who actively explore…
Descriptors: Mandarin Chinese, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Language Variation
Ortin, Ramses; Fernandez-Florez, Carmen – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2019
Research on linguistic variation suggests that usage patterns are deeply embedded in native and non-native speakers' knowledge of grammar. This study explores the transfer of these variable sociolinguistic patterns at the initial stages of third language acquisition. We elicited narratives in Portuguese from two mirror-image groups of sequential…
Descriptors: Grammar, Transfer of Training, Multilingualism, Second Language Learning
Iakovleva, Tatiana; Gras, Doriane – Modern Language Journal, 2018
Research on multilingual acquisition has investigated various combinations of languages to identify the factors determining how learners express motion. Our research examines the semantics of motion expression in learners whose first language (L1) exhibits more variation than their foreign language (L2/L3). The present study compares upward motion…
Descriptors: Russian, Native Language, French, English (Second Language)
Bylund, Emanuel; Athanasopoulos, Panos – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2015
The present study seeks to expand the current focus on acquisition situations in linguistic relativity research by exploring the effects of nativisation (the process by which a L2 is acquired as a L1) on language-specific cognitive behaviour. Categorisation preferences of goal-oriented motion events were investigated in South African speakers who…
Descriptors: Motion, Classification, Native Language, English
Snow, Don – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2013
This paper examines the history of four Chinese vernaculars which have developed written forms, and argues that five of the patterns Hanan identifies in the early development of Bai Hua can also be found in the early development of written Wu, Cantonese, and Minnan. In each of the cases studied, there is a clear pattern of early use of the…
Descriptors: Chinese, Language Variation, Social Status, Self Concept
Pallotti, Gabriele, Ed.; Wagner, Johannes, Ed. – National Foreign Language Resource Center at University of Hawaii, 2011
This volume collects empirical studies applying Conversation Analysis to situations where second, third and other additional languages are used. A number of different aspects are considered, including how linguistic systems develop over time through social interaction, how participants 'do' language learning and teaching in classroom and everyday…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Discourse Analysis, Pragmatics

Fordham, Paul – Language and Education, 1994
Language choice (LC) for literacy must consider mother tongue, language of first sight, local lingua francas, and any readily accessible world language. Common but false assumptions regarding LC are noted: multilingualism as a barrier to development, the necessity of a world language, and the permanance of language patterns. (Contains four…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Language Maintenance, Language of Instruction, Language Patterns

Afendras, Evangelos A. – 1969
Language contact and the resulting interference has long been diagnosed as one of the primary forces behind language change. In cases of multilingual contact within geographically restricted areas, converging changes of the languages in contact have been uncovered and described. The geographic areas characterized by such linguistic situations came…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Dialect Studies, Dialects, Ethnology

Kuo, Eddie C. Y. – Anthropological Linguistics, 1979
A communicativity index (Index I) is described that measures the potential communication function performed by a given language in a designated communication situation. Significant sociolinguistic contrasts between the language situations of West Malaysia and Singapore are revealed by applying this index. (PMJ)
Descriptors: Language Maintenance, Language Patterns, Language Research, Language Usage
Spolsky, Bernard – 1998
This introduction to sociolinguistics is presented in four parts. The first part gives an overview of this branch of language study, its scope and principles of inquiry, and its basic and key concepts. This portion is written for individuals with no prior knowledge or expertise in the subject. Topics covered in this section include: the nature of…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Dialects, Ethnography, Language Patterns
Sonomura, Marion Okawa – 1996
Going beyond mere grammaticality, this book examines the basic writing skills of a group of community college students in Hawaii for errors in idiomaticity, or native-like appropriateness of expression. The book suggests criteria for the classification of "phrasematic" expressions, and a convenient terminology comprising idioms,…
Descriptors: Basic Writing, Classification, Community Colleges, English
Kachru, Braj B. – 1976
The notion of language dependency presupposes that there is a hierarchy of languages in a multilingual society, and that each language is assigned a functional role in a multilingual individual's restricted or extended spheres of linguistic interaction. In South Asia, language dependency has resulted in linguistic convergence of two types: (1)…
Descriptors: Dravidian Languages, English, Hindi, Indo European Languages
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