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Tatsuoka, Kikumi K.; Tatsuoka, Maurice M. – 1982
Several extended caution indices (ECIs) have been introduced earlier as a link between two distinctly different approaches: one based on standard statistics and the other, a model-based approach, utilizing item response theory (IRT). Expected values and variance of some ECIs are derived and their statistical properties are compared and discussed.…
Descriptors: Error Patterns, Higher Education, Latent Trait Theory, Models
Warfel, Katherine Ann – 1984
The goal of test design is to devise an instrument that will provide a stable and accurate assessment of student ability in some area. One means of reaching this goal is through the use of latent trait models, which determine the relationship between the unobservable trait or ability and the observable test performance. Three common latent trait…
Descriptors: Educational Research, Item Analysis, Latent Trait Theory, Measurement Techniques
Haladyna, Tom; Roid, Gale – 1980
An empirical review of test items is described as an essential step in criterion-referenced test development. The concept of test items' instructional sensitivity is introduced, and research is briefly reviewed which describes four theoretical contexts in which instructional sensitivity indexes have been observed: criterion-referenced; classical…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Bayesian Statistics, Course Objectives, Criterion Referenced Tests
Dovell, Patricia; Buhr, Dianne C. – 1986
This study examined the difficulty level of essay topics used in the large-scale assessment of writing in relation to five different scoring models, and sought to determine what effects the scoring models would have on passing rates. In model one, examinee's score is the direct result of a score assigned by the reader or the sum of scores assigned…
Descriptors: College Students, Difficulty Level, Essay Tests, Essays