Forty-three college students read a specially prepared text either with or without inserted questions. The text and the questions were presented on a computer terminal to allow measurement of reading times on short segments of material. Question groups performed better, relative to controls, on posttest items that repeated inserted questions and…

Findings suggest that impairment in sustained attention is associated with difficulty in learning in second grade children and that such impairment can be identified at an earlier age, and in children with less marked academic underachievement than is commonly believed. (EVH)

This 1979 AERA presentation was the first paper of a symposium reviewing the usefulness of frames in studying mathematical thinking. The study of the learning of mathematics in 1979 is contrasted to the study of mathematics learning before 1960, the difference being attributed to the development of the discipline of cognitive science. The focus of…

This study presents evidence to substantiate the hypothesis that an important relationship exists between prior knowledge and resulting cognitive structure subsequent to instruction; and thus that relevant existing cognitive structure is an important variable affecting learning. The subjects were 126 first-grade students. Relevant existing…

Social facilitation as a self-presentational display, and social performance impairment attributable to perceived public failure, are examined in a study of context effects in verbal learning. Female undergraduates (N=72) served as subjects with one male who served as an "audience." Performance data indicate that, consistent with the present…

THIS PROJECT EXPLORED (1) INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AMONG LEARNERS WHICH MAY BE DIFFERENTIALLY RELATED TO FILM LEARNING VERSUS CONVENTIONAL OR "LIVE" LEARNING, AND (2) INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AMONG INSTRUCTIONAL FILMS WHICH MAY BE RELATED TO THEIR INSTRUCTIONAL EFFECTIVENESS OR TO IMPORTANT LEARNER CHARACTERISTICS. TWO SEPARATE STUDIES WERE…

Although both the general public and research scientists intuitively understand the word learning, the meanings they assign to it vary. Nevertheless, there is too much concern about generalizing the meaning, and too little concern about learning context. Learning context is the internal, changing relation between individual and situation; it is…

THE VERBAL BEHAVIOR OF CHILDREN FROM FOUR GRADE LEVELS (10, EIGHT, SIX, AND FOUR) WAS INVESTIGATED BY HAVING EACH SUBJECT (S) LEARN TO FREE-RECALL THREE 20-WORD LISTS OF UNRELATED WORDS. A MULTITRIAL PROCEDURE WAS USED IN WHICH SS EXPERIENCED 10 CONSECUTIVE LEARNING AND TEST TRIALS ON EACH LIST. TWO MEASURES WERE USED TO ANALYZE BOTH INTRALIST AND…

Teacher evaluation determines tenure, salary, academic rank, or promotion and must be based on content, purpose, or nature of the teaching activity before, during, and after the classroom visit. Its six principles are: (1) realization of its necessity and complexity, (2) objective attitude, (3) focus on definable segments of observed behavior of…

Three clearly distinguishable lists were given simultaneously for learning. In one condition, subjects recalled all three lists; in a second condition, each list was given a different type of retention test although one of the lists was recalled. All subjects were fully informed of the materials and tests. The critical interest was in the recall…

Evaluated in four studies comparing the learning of synonyms by learning disabled (LD) or normal children were the effects of four treatments: varying amounts of material to be learned, varying amounts of practice, varying stimulus familiarization, and varying association value. Results were inconclusive regarding optimal amount of material to be…

The effects of five elaboration conditions on the paired associate learning of 50 educable mentally retarded children (mean age 9 years) were investigated. Four of the conditions were included in a two factor design (type of relation x familiarity); the fifth (nonsense condition) was included as an outside control. Ten children were tested in each…