Thirty college students and 30 moderately retarded persons averaging approximately equal age received eight alternating phases of acquisition and extinction trials with an electric pulse as the unconditioned stimulus for classical eyelid conditioning. (Author)

Suggests using food as a resource for the discovery and experimental methods of learning with preschoolers. (BR)

Examination of models for representing integers demonstrates that formal operational thought is required for establishing the operations on integers. Advocated is the use of many models for introducing negative numbers but, apart from addition, it is recommended that operations on integers be delayed until the formal operations stage. (JP)

Examines some facets of motivation, and investigates how students may be motivated (or demotivated) by the compatibility of their particular learning style with the learning material available to them. (JR)

Describes the concept of co-learner in studio design education at the University of California, Berkeley. This is learning through involvement rather than through projection or fabrication. (Author/PG)

For adults, there is a correlation between the years of formal study of English and English proficiency. Formal instruction in general is more beneficial for second language learning than exposure to the second language in natural situations. The essential contributions of formal instruction are investigated. (Author/ND)

Evidence from several controlled experiments is presented for the assertion that there is a fourth factor determining student achievement (in addition to ability and diligence, previous achievement, and teaching effectiveness) and that this factor (which may be associated with social interaction or emotional or physical state) is sometimes…

Members of a Teachers Center used research literature to generate ideas for a classroom activity, then did the activity in order to test it. The activity described here involved hypothesizing rules defining sequences of three numbers. (SD)

This article closely follows an address given before the American Association of School Administrators (Atlantic City, February 18, 1969).

Study Supported by Grant M-3519 fromn the National Institute of Mental Health, U.S. Public Health Services.

THIS STUDY RELATED TO DISCOVERY METHODS OF TEACHING AND LEARNING WAS CONCERNED WITH TWO MAJOR QUESTIONS. FIRST, CAN "WHAT IS LEARNED" THROUGH MATHEMATICAL DISCOVERY BE IDENTIFIED AND TAUGHT BY EXPOSITION WITH EQUIVALENT RESULTS. SECOND, HOW DOES "WHAT IS LEARNED" DEPEND ON PRIOR LEARNING AND ON THE NATURE OF THE DISCOVERY…

Investigated was the mathematics achievement of several hundred junior high school students, believed by their counselors and teachers to be "slow learners." This investigation focused on two critical problems: (1) whether some children benefit from less rapid pacing of material, and (2) which are the strongest predictors of achievement…

The experiment described in this paper is concerned with prose learning. In the field of the psychology of learning, a section was arbitrarily chosen and covered by 21 passages of equal length. Six contained the essential information concerning the six keywords (elements) of the domain. The fifteen others dealt with all possible relationships…

Eighth-grade subjects, classified as formal or concrete operational, learned a mathematical group structure with either a pre-determined sequence of trials (Reception Mode) or a free choice of trials (Selection Mode). All subjects learned a similar group structure one week later in the Selection Mode. Formal subjects learned in fewer trials and…