Reported is an experiment designed to (1) test the effect of teaching certain concepts of logic on verbalization of discovered mathematical generalizations, (2) prepare a research population which has demonstrated the ability to verbalize newly discovered mathematical generalizations with precision, and (3) test the effect of an ability to…

This paper is a report of a symposium on research in mathematical learning and teaching held during the annual meeting of the California Mathematics Council in 1966. Speakers and their topics were: Professor Frederick J. McDonald - "The Teaching of Mathematics"; Dr. John E. Coulson - "The Learning of Mathematics"; Professor Zoltan P. Dienes -…

This guide is an attempt to eliminate the need for decision makers to suffer from many of their future errors. It is an attempt to insure that the "right" decision is made the first time. Briefly, the theory is that one can learn from other peoples' experience and thus avoid making future mistakes. This volume is a guide to other…

This study examines the effects of class properties on individual learners. Subjects represented a random sample of 800 pupils in 113 Harvard Project Physics classes during 1968, and were divided into eight same-sex samples--one for each of four learning criteria. The Learning Environment Inventory was used to obtain 14 climate scores.…

To compare social versus mechanical presentation of stimulus material under prompted or trial-and-error (confirmation) conditions of learning, institutionalized educable and trainable mentally handicapped children were tested on a discrimination learning task. Results were felt to indicate that social reinforcement may not be as motivating for…

A summary is presented of psychological research on technical training. Chief emphasis was on developing a methodology for the scientific investigation of intact (national) training situations. Correlational methods in which the final criterion measure is residualized with respect to initial trainee status, were explored in various contexts.…

An exploratory study of the contribution to learning of typical introductory and summarizing sequences in instructional films underlined the need for further experimental work to determine what kinds of introductory and concluding sequences are most useful in promoting learning from films. The first part of the study was concerned with film…

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between student performance and selected learner variables, teacher variables, and variations in teaching-learning environments. Particular attention was given to the identification of learner variables associated with performance in 2 different teaching-learning environments: independent…

This study investigated the effect an advanced organizer, a post organizer, or knowledge of a behavioral objective has on learning the mathematical concept of network tracing. Self-instructional booklets on network tracing were given to eighth grade students. The booklets were designed so that the instruction and posttest could be completed within…

Reported is the construction of a primary mathematics curriculum on two kinds of data: the structure of mathematics itself, and the developmental realities of the child. Principles which have been assumed in this development are (1) since mathematics is abstract, the process of abstracting mathematics must be well prepared, (2) since mathematics…

This pilot study was concerned with developing instructional materials for a single conceptual scheme that pervades all of science -- the principle of energy conservation. Some of the objectives of the project were to (1) determine whether a sequence of learning activities could be developed which would enable elementary school children to obtain…

The effects of task complexity and vicarious reward upon children's ability to learn a substantial educational task through modeling were investigated. After observing a models performance, all subjects (elementary school students) were offered direct reward for matching responses. Accuracy of imitative learning was inversely related to task…

Study methods which will enable students to do well in high school mathematics are discussed in this booklet. Suggestions are offered concerning homework, classwork, taking tests, and special aids for studying particular areas of mathematics. Tips on doing homework include how to use the textbook, how to memorize in mathematics, how to avoid…

This study examines the effects of cooperative versus competitive goal structures on the subsequent willingness of fourth-grade children to help each other by testing three hypotheses: a) nonwinners will express lack of goodwill toward the winner in the competitive situation; b) children in the cooperative situation will evaluate their learning…

Since at least 1897, educational researchers have reported, with great frequency, "no significant differences" with respect to studies investigating the effects on educational outcomes of various treatments, suggesting that many educational variables are relatively impotent. A possible reason for at least many of the no-difference findings may lie…