In two investigations students who read an "organizer" before studying biological material scored higher after the learning sessions, and on retention tests, than students who read an historical passage prior to instruction. (AL)

Reports study of achievement differences among second grade children through use of visual perception training for introfactor transfer prior to study of the "Relativity of Position and Motion" Unit, Science Curriculum Improvement Study (SCIS). Achievement is attributed to perceptual training in identical elements and to stimulating…

Indicates that the use of verbal rewards which are not congruent with behavior will result in less efficient problem-solving than either a neutral, no-reward situation, or the use of rewards which are congruent with the problem-solving behavior. The giving of congruent rewards improved the problem-solving efficiency of girls but not of boys. (LS)

Presents the procedures, results, and conclusions of a study designed to determine (1) student's understanding of science and (2) ability to think critically. Subjects were 791 graduating high school students in South Australian schools. No differences in the learning outcomes were found for students attending four types of schools. Bibliography.…

When educators impose their own language forms on children they create learning disabilities. Acceptance and use of differences in children's language and experience can instead aid growth. (DR)

Use of direct experiences for children to foster learning and language development is encouraged. Classroom materials and study trips are suggested. (DR)

Among Indonesian and Malaysian students, urban-rural and male-female differences in attitude towards mathematics and learning mirror Western attitudes. Malaysians have more favorable mathematics attitudes than Indonesians; urban students, more favorable attitudes than rural students. Males have more positive mathematics attitudes; females have…