Chronically undernourished children of low socioeconomic status participated in a treatment program combining nutritional, health care, and educational features. By school age, the gap in cognitive ability between the treated children and a group of privileged children had narrowed. The effect was greater for the youngest preschoolers entering the…

Presents a rationale for teaching reading in social studies and describes various types of guides which teachers can use to assist students with reading, thinking, and reviewing. Topics discussed include rewriting material, using the textbook as a guide, reinforcing learning, and creating word recognition exercises. (Author/DB)

Reviews studies gathering data about what happens inside science classrooms, studies providing information about the nature of interaction in science lessons, studies which have examined factors influencing the nature of interaction, and studies which have looked at the impact of different patterns of interaction on science outcomes. (Author/SL)

Development of master's level clinical concentration is described with focus on: theory with method skills; method learning in the modalities of individuals, families, and groups; clinical learning with other areas of social work methodology; and field experience with classroom learning. (Author/LBH)

The author addresses the structuring of a science and mathematics curriculum by creating a model for the learning experience. The model is based on learning hierarchies. (SD)

Research methods for analyzing university learning environments are discussed along with the potential use of such analysis, and a study of one university in the Netherlands is reported indicating distinctive atmospheres found in various departments, each with its own kind of educational problems. (JT)

A group of students from grades four through twelve were tested on ten binary operations in four truth conditions. It was found that propositional operations which had greater inclusiveness or breadth of concepts were more difficult to comprehend. (MLH)

Describes how instruments for testing early reading development of children are designed and applied. Oral reading errors made by two children at different stages of reading proficiency are described and implications for teachers of reading are discussed. (Author/DB)

A study measured children's attitudes toward and knowledge of older people in American society. Findings indicate that children have little general knowledge of the elderly and very complex, mixed attitudes toward older persons. Ways are suggested in which schools can inculcate positive attitudes toward all people, including the elderly.…

College professors achieve the best academic results by matching their teaching methods with those learning styles most prominent in a particular class, or ideally, placing every student into a learning situation that best fits his most effective learning style. (JD)

The effectiveness of two workshops provided for teachers and aides in a day care center was studied. Training was effective in increasing caregiver verbal involvement with children during play, but was less effective in reducing the number of verbal directives delivered by caregivers to children. (PCB)

Educationally relevant conceptions of motivation are difficult to establish. A research based model of motivational processes can show how goals for cognitive tasks shape reactions to success and failure and how they influence the quality of cognitive performance. This model can aid in designing programs to change maladaptive motivational…

In many of the 40 states where assessment is required by state law or policy, faculty members and administrators have shaped assessment programs so that colleges have the flexibility to use several kinds of measurements, not just tests. Some of the political controversy brought about by assessment requirements are described. (MLW)

Institutional research that examines the influence of organizational and administrative factors on student learning may be critical in improving educational performance. The role that institutional researchers might play in reducing semantic confusion and enhancing understanding of how colleges and universities improve student learning is…