This paper examines the need to recognize the importance of the role of the family as educator during a child's first three years in order to prevent educational underachievement. Projects Head Start and Follow Through, and the Parent Child Center Project are discussed. Four areas of a child's early development are described: (1) language, (2)…

A review of 402 documents at all school levels is presented to identify current trends in science education research studies. The documents are limited to journal articles, dissertation abstracts, and abstracted reports, primarily appearing in 1970. Nature of the research conducted is analyzed in terms of curriculum improvement projects, learning…

The major hypothesis tested in this study was that low and average ability subjects could use the strategy of root analysis if instruction could be designed so as to compensate for individual weaknesses. Eighty-eight sixth grade middle class subjects were randomly assigned to self-instructional treatments to learn the root analysis strategy.…

This paper describes two studies conducted to investigate young children's manipulative responses to materials in a free play situation and to examine the resultant learning. Study I: Each child played with either a simple or a complex set of materials during three play sessions. Learning was measured on a posttest of classification ability.…

This paper defines and develops the use of instructional objectives in economic education. Such teaching technique is hypothesized to improve economic understanding through improved learning efficiency and evaluation of learning achieved. Instructional objectives are defined and exemplified, both in general literature and specific practice. In…

One of a series of books written by physicians for their patients, this publication discusses the parents' role in helping the young child learn before formal education begins. Detailed discussions center on such subjects as teaching a child when he's ready to learn; helping a child's curiosity grow; choosing toys which encourage exploration;…

External reinforcement paradigms are useful and necessary in a complete instructional system and external reinforcement is not antithetical to a belief in an intrinsic motivation hypothesis. Teacher training, parent education, and classroom management, as well as complex learning sequences, can be improved by the use of principles emerging from…

Twelve authors offer initiative and creative ideas for using museums to further world-wide education in a broad sense. Rather than viewing the museum as a preserver and storehouse of works and objectives, the authors see the museum as a place where direct involvement in process education occurs. International trends in museum education are focused…

The purpose of the review was to analyze the literature on feedback in order to identify specific feedback variables whose further study could make the greatest potential contribution to the design of effective instructional materials and of group instructional presentations. Sources included Psychological Abstracts, Research in Education,…

Several experiments investigating the relationship between frequency of testing and learning are reviewed, and features of design which could have influenced outcomes are discussed. A study on test frequency is presented, in which relevant variables, apparently not considered in previous research, are controlled. Results indicate that moderate…

In determining whether an increase in student cognitions in the content area of international trade is correlated with an attitudinal change toward policy issues surrounding that subject, a microeconomics principles class at Riverside City College was used to test the hypothesis that a change in the cognitive component will cause a change in the…

The purpose of this checklist is to serve as a bibliographical aid for administrators, library science educators, librarians, teachers, curriculum coordinators, researchers, and other interested persons who are: (1) planning and conducting research in curriculum and instruction, and in educational media; (2) planning and producing an improved…

This study investigates the relationship of socio-economic status to the acquisition of two basic ideas underlying the concept of number conservation, "conservation of identity" and "conservation of equivalence." Tests for conservation of identity and of equivalence, detailed in the paper, were given to kindergarten, first, and second grade…

The literature is reviewed to see if research shows a relationship between student and teacher performance and air conditioning of classrooms. The benefits of air conditioning in promoting learning are substantiated by studies that are summarized but not cited. The relationship of the report to the Phoenix Union High School System Advisory…

This Notebook has been prepared as a guide to resources on several topics related to the improvement of teaching and the renewal of colleges and universities. Topics are: general resources; teaching; learning and students; course development; curriculum development; advising; faculty development; administrative development; faculty evaluation; and…