ARIS is an artificial intelligence system which uses the English language to learn, understand, and communicate. The system attempts to simulate the psychoneurological processes which enable man to communicate verbally. It uses a modified stratificational grammar model and is being programed in PL/1 (a programing language) for an IBM 360/67…

The relative effectiveness of client-centered, rational-emotive, and desensitization therapies in reducing test anxiety among high school students was investigated. The sample was drawn from 2336 students in grades 10 through 12 who were administered the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Thirty-three subjects with high State…

Following nine hours of training in behavioral psychology, the faculty members of an 800 pupil elementary school were applying operant techniques with no further apparent need of consultation with the instructors. Twenty-two teachers were enrolled in an inservice training course entitled "Behavior Modification Procedures for the Elementary…

Experimental and ethological studies were undertaken to clarify the role of positive and negative evaluations in the control of the child's performance on laboratory and classroom learning tasks. The results indicate that "social reinforcers" are effective to the extent that they communicate to the child unambiguous information on the adequacy of…

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the relative effects of multi-channel media presentations upon the learning of a psychomotor task by high and low mental ability groups and the amount of time these groups would take to complete the task. Eighty students were randomly selected from the upper and lower 40 percent of the intelligence…

Five factors have influenced the movement in the United States now described as career education. Vocational educators might contend that this is another stage in the developmental history of vocational education, while others say that it is a natural consequence of concomitant advances in education. Another influence was work done by the National…

The analysis of individual learning styles and the application of the results of the analyses to realistic learning situations are the basic goals of a Wisconsin college reading and study skills program. In the 1-year required program, beginning college students deficient in reading hear a series of lectures on effective study habits, reading…

Abstracts of 36 research reports are provided. The reports were prepared by investigators for presentation at the 55th annual meeting of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. A broad range of topics related to mathematics education is covered. Nine reports deal with problem solving, eight are concerned with instructional methods, five…

This paper presents in descriptive and practical terms a rationale for working towards openness in the classroom. Open education is defined as a humanistic approach designed to offer support to the children in their move towards self-realization. More than classroom structure, open education is a way of thinking about children, learning, self and…

The author identifies a need for educational psychologists to become involved in interdisciplinary research and practice, explains why this is necessary, and suggests ways of applying their knowledge and skills in other fields. Three major reasons for interdisciplinary activitiy are (1) educational psychologists have research skills and…

Relationship between the social world and individual knowledge acquisition is explored. A general theory predicated on the assumption that social interaction is the driving force behind knowledge acquisition is postulated and then formulated as a model. A selection of results pertaining to social learning are presented. (Author/MBR)

Using semantic differential scales to measure high school students' attitudes toward teachers, the influence of student ability and sex on these attitudes was examined. (Editor)

Illustrates progress made at Howard Community College (HCC) in the last three years in efforts to improve student learning, instructional effectiveness, and curriculum. Information for this progress report was compiled with input from offices involved in monitoring outcomes assessment of student learning at the college. These include the office of…

This study examined teacher candidate classroom assessment practices from the perspective of supervising teachers. Using questionnaires, supervising teachers evaluated the student interns' use of various assessment techniques and interns' methods for determining whether they had achieved a direct impact on their students' learning. Participants…

This paper provides an overview of the research base on the influence of schools, families, and communities on the learning and educational resilience of children in at-risk circumstances, as well as illustrations of current policies and programmatic approaches that place health development and educational success as integral components of…