Developing an understanding of place value and the base-ten number system is considered a fundamental goal of the early primary grades. For years, teachers have anecdotally reported that students struggle with place-value concepts. Among the common errors cited are misreading such numbers as 26 and 62 by seeing them as identical in meaning,…

Students around the world have difficulties in learning about fractions. In many countries, the average student never gains a conceptual knowledge of fractions. This research guide provides suggestions for teachers and administrators looking to improve fraction instruction in their classrooms or schools. The recommendations are based on a…

An activity providing practice with whole number addition and subtraction, as well as enlarging on the idea of numeration systems, is described. (DT)

This booklet is designed to introduce computers to children. A letter to parents is provided, explaining that a unit on computers will be taught which will discuss the major parts of the computer and programming in the computer language BASIC. Suggestions for teachers provide information on starting, the binary system, base two worksheet, binary…

Presented are several methods of introducing nondecimal numeration systems to elementary grade students. Various activities for grouping and/or visual displays are used. Games which incorporate nondecimal grouping ideas are also presented. (JP)

The purpose of this article is to highlight and discuss the role of language as the link between experiences with number patterns and the emergence of algebraic notation. Discussed is a recommended approach. A sample of a written student response is provided. (CW)

Described is an activity in which students develop their own number system. This activity allow students to examine the structure and history of number systems and to discover the power and respectable efficiency of the number system used today. (KR)

Presents eight points to emphasize when teaching the concept of place value. Contends that converting numbers from one base to another helps students understand the concept of place value and the importance of context in establishing meaning. Provides a BASIC computer program to make conversions. (MDH)

Hypothesizes that exploring the mathematical ideas behind mathematical terms enables children to gain insight into the structure of a number system and provides a basis for powerful playing with this structure. Describes visualizing mathematical ideas for exploring aspects of mathematics. Offers rectangular numbers to link and explore structures…