In order to make informed instructional decisions, teachers need psychological knowledge about relational categories. We conducted two 2 x 2 experiments to examine effective designs for learning relational categories in the context of teacher education. In both experiments, a blocked compared to an interleaved example format was more beneficial…

The focus of this article is on the development of expertise in interpreting literature within English Language Arts (ELA). Experts and novices differ significantly in how they approach problems and acquire information, with experts demonstrating more sophisticated pattern recognition, nuances, and conceptual understandings and approaches than…

Integration of learning (IOL) has been defined as an essential learning outcome in higher education. The IOL model describes the process of learning through three types of integration: connection, application, and synthesis. This manuscript applies the IOL model to counselor education in order to examine how counselor education programs implement…