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Kenny Yu; Wolf Vanpaemel; Francis Tuerlinckx; Jonas Zaman – npj Science of Learning, 2024
Perception and perceptual memory play crucial roles in fear generalization, yet their dynamic interaction remains understudied. This research (N = 80) explored their relationship through a classical differential conditioning experiment. Results revealed that while fear context perception fluctuates over time with a drift effect, perceptual memory…
Descriptors: Generalizability Theory, Generalization, Fear, Learning Processes
Mitchell, Julia R.; Trettel, Sean G.; Li, Anna J.; Wasielewski, Sierra; Huckleberry, Kylie A.; Fanikos, Michaela; Golden, Emily; Laine, Mikaela A.; Shansky, Rebecca M. – Learning & Memory, 2022
Pavlovian fear conditioning is a widely used behavioral paradigm for studying associative learning in rodents. Despite early recognition that subjects may engage in a variety of both conditioned and unconditioned responses, the last several decades have seen the field narrow its focus to measure freezing as the sole indicator of conditioned fear.…
Descriptors: Fear, Animals, Gender Differences, Responses
Vasudevan, Krithika; Ramanathan, Karthik R.; Vierkant, Valerie; Maren, Stephen – Learning & Memory, 2022
Recent data reveal that the thalamic nucleus reuniens (RE) has a critical role in the extinction of conditioned fear. Muscimol (MUS) infusions into the RE impair within-session extinction of conditioned freezing and result in poor long-term extinction memories in rats. Although this suggests that RE inactivation impairs extinction learning, it is…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Conditioning, Fear, Animals
Emily N. White; Sara K. Snyder; Rachel R. Cagliani; Kevin M. Ayres – Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 2025
The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (n.d.) suggests that acquisition and use of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is dynamic and that learning multiple modalities may be beneficial particularly for those individuals with severe disabilities. Evaluation of response variability after training multiple modalities has yet…
Descriptors: Augmentative and Alternative Communication, Assistive Technology, Communication Disorders, Learning Modalities
Alice Vidal; Albert Costa; Alice Foucart – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2024
Our preferences and evaluations are often affected by contextual factors. One unavoidable context is language. We used an evaluative conditioning (EC) paradigm (pairing neutral stimuli with emotional or neutral stimuli) to investigate whether our evaluations are equally conditioned in a first (L1) and a second language (L2). An EC effect was…
Descriptors: Preferences, Context Effect, Evaluation, Native Language
Michael Domjan; Andrew R. Delamater – APA Books, 2023
Through four previous editions, students and instructors have relied on this book's clear, concise, and highly accessible overview of the processes and mechanisms responsible for conditioning and learning. Domjan and Delamater summarize major theories of how humans and nonhuman animals learn, along with the classic experiments that support these…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Learning Processes, Video Technology, Neurosciences
Taylor, William W.; Imhoff, Barry R.; Sathi, Zakia Sultana; Liu, Wei Y.; Garza, Kristie M.; Dias, Brian G. – Learning & Memory, 2021
Dysfunctions in memory recall lead to pathological fear; a hallmark of trauma-related disorders, like posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Both, heightened recall of an association between a cue and trauma, as well as impoverished recall that a previously trauma-related cue is no longer a threat, result in a debilitating fear toward the cue.…
Descriptors: Brain, Memory, Recall (Psychology), Brain Hemisphere Functions
Schlinger, Henry D. – Early Child Development and Care, 2021
B. F. Skinner is the most eminent psychologist of the twentieth century, and it is no exaggeration to say that his discovery of operant learning (conditioning) has influenced the broader field of psychology, as well as other disciplines, including education, neuroscience, and philosophy. Skinner's discovery and elucidation of operant learning has…
Descriptors: Psychologists, Operant Conditioning, Learning Processes, Child Development