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Peterson, Sarah E. – Reading Research and Instruction, 1992
Investigates the cognitive functions of college students' use of underlining as a learning strategy. Finds that underlining does not serve an encoding or review function and may be counterproductive for inferential recall. (PRA)
Descriptors: Cognitive Structures, Higher Education, Learning Processes, Learning Strategies

Robinson, Daniel H. – Reading Research and Instruction, 1998
Provides a rationale for the use of graphic organizers (GOs), traces their history and development, reviews 16 studies that have used GOs as text adjuncts, and discusses limitations that have made GO research nonsystematic. Suggests future research should examine and answer how GOs can be constructed for classroom use. (PA)
Descriptors: Educational History, Graphic Organizers, Higher Education, Instructional Effectiveness