This article aims to build paradigms, strategies, and stages of learning models that can reduce learning barriers. The learning process can benefit changes in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects for the better. This research was conducted because it saw the reality of the problem of low learning achievement. This was qualitative study…

Arguing that the evolution of intelligent tutoring systems better reflects the recent theoretical developments of cognitive science than traditional computer-based instruction (CBI), this paper describes a general model for an intelligent tutoring system and suggests ways to improve CBI using design principles derived from research in cognitive…