Driven by new modes of information dissemination in this digital age and propelled by the necessity for online course delivery during the recent pandemic, online education, the current form of distance education, is not only the trend but the reality of teaching and learning today. It utilizes the internet and computer technology to offer…

Translanguaging and trans-semiotizing research has problematized the static view of language and argued that meaning making is a dynamic, material, social, and historical process across multiple timescales in complex eco-social systems. The second author proposed the concept of trans-semiotizing as an alternative lens to study language teaching…