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Peer reviewedKlauer, Karl J. – American Educational Research Journal, 1984
The main findings of a meta-analysis of 23 research reports were the following: giving behavioral objectives, learning directions, or questions before an instructional text is read leads to some improvement in the learning of goal relevant material; however, these preinstructional acts impede the learning of goal irrelevant materials. (Author/BW)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Advance Organizers, Educational Objectives, Incidental Learning
Download full textKaplan, R.; Rothkopf, E. Z. – 1972
This study examined the effects of four characteristics of instructional objectives presented to the student prior to reading, upon intentional and incidental learning. The most salient result was produced by providing instructional objectives to the student prior to the text. The main findings were that (a) density increases (Proportion of…
Descriptors: Educational Objectives, Factor Analysis, Incidental Learning, Instructional Design
