Purpose: Most educational assessments tend to be constructed in a close-ended format, which is easier to score consistently and more affordable. However, recent work has leveraged computation text methods from the information sciences to make open-ended measurement more effective and reliable for older students. This study asks whether such text…

The aim of this study is to identify online learning behavior that is excessively intense as reflected in a student's overly frequent interaction with the instructor through various communication channels. Then, this study aims to use learning analytics methodologies to discover whether a student with the identified behavior also displays the same…