Discusses the cognitive approach to instructional design (ID) and how ID practitioners can design training differently. Highlights include how learning occurs; categories of learning; a model that summarizes the components of a well-designed lesson; a framework for ID based on cognitive psychology; and a table to use as a job aid for designing…

New knowledge is made meaningful by relating it to prior knowledge. Although meaningfulness usually relates new knowledge to prior superordinate knowledge, arbitrarily meaningful knowledge, coordinate, subordinate, and analogic ideas, experiential knowledge, and cognitive strategy also facilitate learning. Optimization of prior knowledge is done…

Analysis of the process of educational television evaluation focuses on the Programme Evaluation Analysis Computer (PEAC) system. Highlights include affects of evaluation on learning; internal and external validity; variables in the evaluation model; formative evaluation; cognitive and affective objectives; and differences between general…

The Domain of Cognition is a taxonomy for planning, sequencing, and implementing instruction, which covers the entire range of cognitive and cognitive-affective learning and behavior. Students acquire, learn, and use information on eight hierarchically and sequentially arranged levels of complexity. The levels and their corresponding abilities…

Funding of much creative effort to solve educational problems is riding on effective states needs assessment and, therefore, suggests a model for accountability as well as identification of cognitive and affective needs. Concepts for model constructs are several, including the learner's unique self-social system: the school and classroom with its…

Discusses service learning and presents models of instruction that academic libraries might offer to service learning pedagogy. Highlights include the role of information literacy; reflection; affective and cognitive learning outcomes of service learning; impact of service learning on libraries; learning process model; course objectives model;…

This paper examines and summarizes the "Pierce-Gray Classification Model for the Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor Domains," a model developed for the classification of educational objectives. The classification system was developed to provide a framework that teachers could use as a guide when developing specific instructional objectives for…

This paper contends that efforts at educational reform must focus, above all, on the instructional encounter between teachers and students. The argument is presented in triadic sequence: three basic assumptions about learning, three interrelated models of the instructional process, and three practical approaches to promoting cognitive achievement.…

The basic proposition of this study is that five dimensions of educational quality can serve as significant goals, that educational objectives emerging from the goals can be identified, that by improving and delivering school services and processes of quality we can elevate levels of student achievement and significantly advance students toward…

This book of readings in social studies makes available several recent developments in this discipline and attempts to summarize some of the projects, monographs, and special programs being conducted at several major curriculum centers. Five facets of the new social studies are examined here. Part One is an overview of the nature and direction of…