Application of psycholinguistic insights initiated a long career researching how children learn to read words. A theory was proposed claiming that spellings of individual words are stored in memory when their graphemes become bonded to phonemes in their pronunciations along with meanings, and this enables readers to read stored words automatically…

In this "Open Dialogue: Peer Response," the author notes that in the initial paper, "Contributions of Educational Psychology to Understanding Student Learning: What Has Been Discovered - What More Could Be Done?" Entwistle lays out a useful summary of the way that psychology has contributed to an understanding of student…

Understanding the learning profiles of children, when teaching reading, affects the progress of their reading, in particular for children with Down syndrome. Specifically teaching word recognition, phonological awareness, orthographic knowledge, and comprehension, while understanding the ways in which children with Down syndrome learn, will…

The present experiments examined perceptual specificity effects using a rereading paradigm. Eye movements were monitored while participants read the same target word twice, in two different low-constraint sentence frames. The congruency of perceptual processing was manipulated by either presenting the target word in the same distortion typography…

Reading words may take several forms. Readers may utilize decoding, analogizing, or predicting to read unfamiliar words. Readers read familiar words by accessing them in memory, called sight word reading. With practice, all words come to be read automatically by sight, which is the most efficient, unobtrusive way to read words in text. The process…

Mentally retarded subjects who could read were tested on their ability to pronounce words and to produce meaningful associates. Analyses of their responses indicated an overuse of a strategy of memorizing words as a way to recognize words in print and an inability to consider word meanings in terms of abstract referents. A comparison of these…

To determine reasons for the difficulties reading disabled boys commonly have with memory tasks, an investigation of the use of category organization in free recall of such children was undertaken. The performance of 45 nine- to eleven-year-old normal and 45 reading disabled boys was compared on a free recall task in which stimulus items were…

A framework for a comprehensive theory of reading is presented in this paper. The framework consists of perceptual, semantic, and control systems. The perceptual and semantic spaces of the theory should not be confused with the terms "decoding" and "comprehension"; decoding and comprehension refer to ways in which those spaces…

Explores quantitative and qualitative differences in text processing, reading time, and study time and in learning from text, at immediate and delayed recall. (DF)

Prereading assessment was first used to predict school readiness and was an assessment of the child's visual and oral vocabulary skills. By the 1970s, readiness assessment had changed from assessment of a child's developmental probability for success or failure in reading to an assessment of the child's skill development in relation to the reading…