An experimental group of three institutionalized severely retarded adult males received binary tone feedback for alpha production while a control group (3) followed identical procedures without feedback. Analysis revealed significant difference between groups in alpha percentage increase over baseline, encouraging research on applications for…

Several different conceptions of the relationship between learning and development are considered in this article. It is argued that dialectical and ecological developmental orientations might provide a useful basis for synthesizing the contrasting frameworks of the operant, information processing, learning theory, and knowledge acquisition…

Observational reinforcement was studied in 5- to 13-month-old infants in a contingency learning task where brief light-sound stimulation followed touches on a canister. The task was preceded by differing preexperiences for each of four study groups. Overall, results demonstrated that vicarious reinforcement in the preexperiences probably did not…

In two human skin conductance conditioning experiments we investigated whether processing of stimulus compounds can be influenced by past experience. Participants were either pre-trained with a discrimination problem that could be solved elementally (A+, B-, AB+, C- in Experiment 1 and A+, AB+, C-, CB- in Experiment 2) or one that required a…

Historically, sensory systems have been largely ignored as potential loci of information storage in the neurobiology of learning and memory. They continued to be relegated to the role of "sensory analyzers" despite consistent findings of associatively induced enhancement of responses in primary sensory cortices to behaviorally important signal…

Describes an inexpensive program using invertebrates as subjects in conditioning demonstrations and experiments. Provides a bibliography of reviews about invertebrate learning in addition to information on obtaining required apparatus and invertebrates.

An easy-to-implement method for demonstrating classical conditioning in an introductory psychology course is described. (RM)

Results indicate that subjects first observing apparatus operation by electromechanical means performed task better than those who had not, and that there is no significant difference between performance of subjects who had observed demonstration by electromechanical device and those who had observed a human model. Applicability of findings…

The basis of modern learning theory is questioned in view of Popper's philosophy and the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system. (Editor)

Reading comprehension, indicated by motor behavior and multiple-choice picture selection called for in written instructions, was taught to an autistic child (12 years old). (Author/PT)

The effects on instrumental behavior of differences in type of task, type of reward and three organismic variables (history of social reinforcement from peers, extraversion, and intelligence) were investigated in preschool children. (ST)

Part 1 appeared in Deutsch als Fremdsprache"; v8 n3 p136-150 1971. (RS)