Following pretraining on three figures, 44 nonhandicapped preschoolers were assigned to experimental groups to investigate methods of integrating a new, similar symbol into a set of familiar symbols to approximate the difficult disciminations encountered by young children in school. (Author)

In an attempt to enhance strategies for improving the comprehension and retention ratios for audio programing, some of the advantages and disadvantages of audio for training are presented, followed by some field tested principles which contribute to successful audio programing for education and training. (WL)

Three studies examined 2-year-olds' ability to learn novel words when overhearing these words used by others. Found that children ages 2.5 years were equally good at learning novel object labels and action verbs when they were overhearers as when they were directly addressed. For younger 2-year-olds, this was true for object labels, but results…

Results showed that visual presentation was superior to auditory which was, in turn, superior to a combined mode of presentation. (RB)

Cross-modal and intramodal matching ability with visual and auditory content was studied in low, normal, and high IQ fourth-grade children (N=240) who were also administered tests of simultaneous and successive syntheses. Results indicated that simultaneous and successive central processes are involved in modality matching performance and that…

Examines the development of intermodal perception in infancy by means of a new method, the intermodal learning method. Results support the claim that only subjects who had been familiarized with appropriate and synchronous film and soundtrack pairs showed evidence of intermodal learning. (Author/RWB)

Considers the problem of taking dictation in a music class and recognizes the importance of perception for understanding musical structure. Author demonstrates his point with an analysis of a German folksong. (RK)

Investigated the extent to which 3.5-month-old infants trained in amodal auditory-visual relations between falling objects and the sounds they made could generalize their intermodal knowledge to a new task and across events. Found that infants tested with familiar events and with events of a new color or shape showed learning and transfer…

Indicates that the auditory modality was superior to the visual/written modality in learning and retention. (RB)

The objectives of this study were to determine: (1) the variables that influence the learning of verbal material received by subjects via the aural modality, (2) how learning under conditions of aural reception compare with learning of the same materials under appropriately equivalent visual conditions, and (3) in what combinations learning is…

The present experiment investigated memory attribute dominance in young children by measuring false recognition responses to associatively and acoustically related words. Second- and sixth-grade children, half of whom were high SES and half low SES, served as subjects. Following Underwood (1969), a shift from acoustic to associative memory…

Results indicated a significant difference between the 18 normal readers and the 36 learning-disabled readers on tasks matching auditory temporal to visual-spatial and auditory-temporal to visual-temporal but not on the visual-temporal to visual-spatial task. Results were interpreted in terms of learning-disabled readers being deficient in…

A sample of 15 good and 15 poor first-grade readers, selected on the basis of the teacher's classification, performance on the Gates-MacGinitie Reading Test, Primary A, Form 1, and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, was individually taught five nonsense syllables by each of four teaching modality procedures: visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and a…