A schema developed for the teaching of reading involves five factors: learning, language, clues, mediums of communication, and adaptive processes. Learning involves four tasks, taught in the following sequence: comprehension, comparison of semantic shapes, composition of the whole into parts, and concentration. There are four general language…

CYBERNETICS, OR "THE ART OF ENSURING THE EFFICIENCY OF ACTIONS," MUST BE A TOOL SUPPORTING PEDAGOGY, THE EDUCATIONAL PHENOMENON, THAT IS DETERMINED BY COMMUNIST PARTY POLICY. ALTHOUGH ANALOGIES BETWEEN MEN AND MACHINES DERIVE FROM THE CONCEPTS OF A SYSTEM (A CONFIGURATION OF STABLE ELEMENTS), INFORMATION (A PROBABILITY SCIENCE),…

Understanding ideas, drawing inferences, and recognizing the author's organization and purpose are teachable comprehension skills. Prereading discussions can stimulate students to think before reading, to survey the material, and to raise questions which focus attention while reading. A study guide can develop comprehension through careful…

English teachers have a responsibility to interpret for students the current linguistic insights into language and to lead them in an open-minded inquiry involving (1) careful observation of language data, (2) translation of this observation into rule-like descriptions, and (3) verification of the rules to determine if revisions must be made. In…

A Child Development Center (CDC) is said to rest on five basic tenets--(1) a team approach, (2) individual and small group methods, (3) emphasis on a total developmental setting, (4) the great significance of the early years of childhood, and (5) the concept of continuity in experience and development. A CDC, and especially one serving the…

To examine the use of factual and inferential questions as adjunct material in prose learning, a study was undertaken in which undergraduate introductory psychology students used different study strategies on a prose comprehension test consisting of an equal number of factual and inferential multiple-choice items. One-hundred twenty students were…

Cognitive style models describe individual differences in information-processing, or methods for deriving meaning from the world. Each style is theoretically value-free; each is valid and has strengths or weaknesses depending upon its context. However, this value freedom has been threatened in two ways. First, while cognitive style has been…

College students need a learning environment that encourages them to develop their reasoning abilities, as well as to master course content. This booklet discusses an attempt to create such an environment: the ADAPT program at the University of Nebraska. ADAPT, Accent on Developing Abstract Processes of Thought, is a comprehensive,…

This booklet cites evidence indicating that intelligence can be trained, given a physiologically normal student and an intensely persistant tutor. Methodologies for increasing mental efficiency have in common the principle of coordination of physical and mental processes, whether achieved by simple relaxation training, brain polarization, or…

This paper briefly reviews the literature concerning the Paiget-Burner debate over the roles of identify and reversibility rules in conservation acquisition, and describes an experiment designed to determine whether one group of rules is more closely related to conservation than the other. A group of children, aged 4-6 years, received tests of…

Since, by the time they enter school, children have developed a major portion of their spoken language system by being immersed in language, it seems probable that they could also apply these rules to the orthographic system if they were immersed in reading. Thus, learning to read by reading would allow the general formation of rules that could…

This paper reports an attempt to replicate previously published findings on the interrelationship between free-recall performance and selected cognitive abilities. In Experiment I, 300 7th and 12th graders responded to a battery of eight intelligence and memory tests and were then randomly assigned to one of three pre-learning instructional…

This study focuses on some common personality patterns and their influence on reading. Two commonly observed personality types, the compulsive and the hysterical, found at opposite ends of the continuum of personality patterns are discussed, and the types of children which result from parents with these personalities are described. It is noted…

In exploring the use of the learning process to foster creativity among children from 0-3 years, we must free ourselves from antiquated and erroneous beliefs that school is the only environment in which creativity and learning takes place, and that the teacher is the sole agent of such achievements. Our culture, our environment, and our…

The validity of the argument that non-promotion and subsequent repetition of the work in a grade will lead to an improvement in performance was examined. The subjects were 642 students in grades 8-11. The data was derived from the year-end marks that each student received in the subject areas, upon which the decision to promote or retain was made.…