In a test the presence or absence of a "structure" in the individual's cognitive processes of formal operations thinking, 61 fourth, fifth, and sixth grade students were administered three tasks supposedly requiring such a method of thinking. The three tasks were (1) a problem solving task (PS), (2) a chemistry task requiring a certain combination…

This report is a collection of ideas presented and discussed at a conference in conjunction with a 7-state effort to strengthen contributions of state departments of education to teacher education at both pre- and inservice levels. The aim was to evaluate and review the Multi-State Teacher Education Project (M-STEP) in relation to the problems and…

True learning requires that students "make meaning" for themselves, but the patterns of verbal behavior that prevail in secondary classrooms tend to stifle rather than facilitate this process. Excerpts from tape recordings of lessons in three secondary classrooms show that, whereas the teachers display great autonomy and control over what they…

Authored by four American Indians, this handbook is concerned with topics directly related to the retention of Indian adult learners in the adult educational process. The topics are aimed at improved understanding of the tribal learner and improved adult educational programs. Topics include: (1) religion (approached from an educational viewpoint…

Study objectives were to clearly elucidate the cognitive and emotional orientation of the Eskimo's "cultural personality" for purposes of developing effective teaching strategies. Rorschach protocols (N=118) from male and female individuals aged 5 to 90 living in a rural village of 450 were analyzed. Additionally, a sample of 132…

As part of a two-year project that examined the processes by which children initially approach the reading task, a screening test was designed to aid in the selection of the four kindergarten children who were to participate in the project. Consisting of seven parts, the test asked each child to do the following tasks: write his/her name; isolate…

The hypothesis, "children of different ethnic groups possess different political attitudes", was tested to determine: (1) whether white ethnic groups had different political attitudes; (2) if so, to what degree; and (3) how they ranked compared to each other. To verify the hypothesis, the concept of political socialization was…

Some of the major changes that have influenced the field of child development since the last edition (1964) are presented in this edition. The book is divided into six parts, each with an introduction that summarizes what is important in the various domains of child development. Part One, The Grand Systems, is intended to give the reader a solid…

Neglected activities in the research-to-application process and various characteristics of basic studies in psychology are the causes of failure in translating research into operational applications. A model of activities involved in the research application process includes two areas of strength: (1) basic research on a constructed theory and (2)…

This book is written to help the reader avoid some of the problems that the Pasadena school system and community experienced during the evolution of an alternative program. It leads one through a developmental process in the evolution of an alternative school that started in the spring of 1972. The school has grown to 600 students in 30 months and…

An approach to skills analysis is described in which strategy and processing skills sufficient for task performance are represented as an information-processing routine. Each step in the routine is viewed as a utilization of a processing mechanism or primary process. Definitions of these processes represent hypotheses about the psychological…

The nutritional status of Kindergarten children has been studied in relation to performance in behavioral tests and the effects of several types of nutritional intervention in nutrition and behavior have been evaluated. In a study in 1969-70, children who received breakfast and lunch at school showed significant improvement in hemoglobin…

An automated program for the reduction of test anxiety in a computer-based learning situation has been developed. Its main components are: 1) a self-study manual containing information and written exercises dealing with coping with test anxiety; 2) a videotape of modeled effective and ineffective coping with anxiety on tests; 3) a brief, modified…

The Raven Progressive Matrices (RPM) were administered to groups of approximately 15 to 25 (for a total of 174) special class, educable mentally retarded Negro or white students, 5 1/2 to 10 1/2 years of age from low socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds to determine whether individual or group training with learning potential procedure was more…

Thirty-three low achieving regular class (RC) and 46 educable mentally retarded special class (SC) adolescents from a white, low-income, urban district were administered the learning potential procedure and were interviewed to determine the differences in their familial relationship. The learning procedure involved three administrations of 16 test…