Argues that the use of pictures as a teaching and learning strategy benefits early learners with regard to reference image development and provides helpful information to a student who may be separated from teacher feedback. (KEH)

Reading is fundamental to learning. Vital to learning is memory, which is the mental faculty used to retrieve what was read and understood. The human brain is about the size of a grapefruit and weighs about as much as a head of cabbage. The cerebral cortex is a kind of problem-solving and memorizing device. The hippocampus plays a critically…

To aid instructors in teaching their students to use effective methods of memorization, this article outlines major memory methods, provides examples of their use, evaluates the methods, and discusses ways students can be taught to apply them. First, common, but less effective, memory methods are presented, including reading and re-reading…

The Bransford and Franks paradigm for the study of semantic integration is called into question. Three experiments are described that test the hypothesis that this paradigm produces its results by creating confusion and interference. The results call for continued search for a paradigm relative to the study of integration. (AMH)

A description of four experiments confirming the theory that recall of a given item from a semantically categorized list is impaired by the presence of other items from this same category. This inhibitory effect of part-set "cuing" is interpreted here as a cue-overload effect. Selected references are included. (AMH)

The introduction of laboratory computers has facilitated investigation of quantitative theories in the investigation of memory. Data from a recent qualitative study was used to test two quantitative theories. The strength-resistance theory fitted the data quantitatively without significant deviations. Statistical tables and references are…

Discusses the superiority of information processing (IP) theory to stimulus-response theory, specifically in terms of language comprehension, language production, and the role of memory. (KM)

An attempt was made to identify comparable subjective subsequences in the serial learning of a prose passage and to examine the relationship of such organizational encodings to the variable of structural importance. Results of serial learning and free recall indicated learners associatively organized individual prose subunits into subjective…

Describes four experiments to show that the effects of item-specific and relational encoding emphasis on recall vary with the retrieval context for both young children and adults. (HOD)

Results suggest that the strategy of deliberately concentrating one's study activities on the less well mastered segments of materials to be learned, like other elementary memory strategies (e. g., rote rehearsal), cannot automatically be assumed to be part of a young child's repertoire of learning techniques. (Authors)

Article describes experiment examining recall of the content of sentences learned by the method of free recall. (Author/MM)

This article explores the use of structure in the encoding and retrieval of music and its relation to level of skill. Twenty-two pianists, classified into four levels of skill, were asked to learn and memorize an assigned composition by J. S. Bach (different for each level). All practice was recorded on cassette tape. At the end of the learning…

In this article, the author compares teaching and learning to the maintenance of an old car that leaks oil and must constantly be "topped up." Learning is a complex process of taking in and leaking out. The retention of new information is constantly under assault by an array of personal and contextual factors, such as a lack of interest, fatigue,…

Two experiments compared the effectiveness of two separate mnemonic devices for learning the states and their capitals--one a complex key word system using substitute words for each syllable, the other a simple key word device interacting key words from the state and capital names in an illustration. In the first experiment, 88 fourth and fifth…