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Brown, Dawn L.; Wheatley, Grayson H. – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1997
Investigates students' use of imagery in their mathematical activities. Findings indicate that image forming is crucial in doing mathematics. A student who fails to construct an image in a problem-solving situation is severely limited in giving meaning to the situation. Contains 21 references. (JRH)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Elementary Education, Imagery, Learning Strategies
Hazzan, Orit; Zazkis, Rina – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1999
"Give an example" tasks invite students to consider mathematical concepts in relation to their properties according to the data collected by interviews and a questionnaire asking students' strategies for generating the example. Examines how these tasks contribute to the construction of links which in turn lead to construction of more webbed and…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Elementary Secondary Education, Learning Strategies, Mathematics Education
Mochon, Simon; Roman, Josueth Vasquez – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1998
Explores students' abilities in mental computation, finds out the strategies they use most naturally, and develops a theoretical framework by giving 60 children a questionnaire and interviewing them on a series of arithmetic operations to be solved by mental computation. Generates a classification of children's strategies. Contains 31 references.…
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Classification, Computation, Elementary Education
Weber, William B., Jr. – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1999
Discusses overall mental computation achievement and limits discussion to strategies middle school students used when computing with whole numbers, decimals, and fractions. Suggests that the development of conceptual knowledge of numbers is an important prerequisite for the understanding of mental computation procedures. (Contains 31 references.)…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Computation, Decimal Fractions, Fractions
Adams, Thomasenia Lott – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1997
Presents a study designed to explore whether a student's use of the graphing calculator during instruction will affect their concept of function, how students' participation in a conceptual change assignment affects their concept of function, and how the graphing calculator and the conceptual change assignment interact with one another to…
Descriptors: Cognitive Structures, College Curriculum, Concept Formation, Functions (Mathematics)
Berenson, Sarah B.; And Others – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1990
Assessed was the level of thinking of 140 students who had been placed in developmental algebra as entering college freshmen. Scores on the Group Assessment of Logical Thinking, Scholastic Aptitude Tests, college placement tests; high school grade point average, and developmental algebra final grade were analyzed. Group characteristics are…
Descriptors: Algebra, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Structures, College Freshmen
Lambdin, Diana – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1993
Discusses a case study in which the cognitive monitoring moves of a pair of preservice elementary education teachers were examined during cooperative problem-solving tasks. Concludes that assuming different roles during the problem-solving experience can be an effective strategy and a potentially helpful learning experience. (31 references) (MDH)
Descriptors: Case Studies, Cognitive Processes, Cooperative Learning, Elementary Education
Dunham, Penelope H.; Osborne, Alan – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1991
The difficulties and misconceptions that many students experience when learning to visualize graphs of functions are discussed. Specifically, the inability to make accurate connections between symbolic and graphical representations, the lack of understanding about scale and scaling, and the confusion caused by transformations are examined with…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Concept Formation, Curriculum Development, Elementary Secondary Education
Saminy, Keiko K.; Liu, Jun – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1997
Examines selected first-grade mathematics textbooks used in Japanese and American schools. Focus points of analysis include size and volume, repetition, length of explanations, mathematics content, gender issues, and the relevance of the pictures to the mathematics content. Contains 16 references. (DDR)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Elementary Education, Foreign Countries, Grade 1
Siegel, Marjorie; Borasi, Raffaella – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1992
Explores the learning opportunities that might be created in mathematics instruction if reading were reconceptualized as described in the NCTM statement on communication. Develops the notion of "reading to learn mathematics" by enunciating and illustrating its key components. (44 references) (MDH)
Descriptors: Educational Change, Educational Strategies, Elementary Secondary Education, Integrated Activities
Yarmish, Rina – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1990
Identified is research related to concept formation; the chronology of identity and equivalence conservations; the relationship of mental age to performance on number concept tasks; perceptual, attentional, linguistic, and social factors; and the potential use of cognitive developmental criteria as measures of ability for both normal and retarded…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Structures, Elementary School Mathematics, Elementary Secondary Education
Zazkis, Rina; Khoury, Helen A. – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1993
This study examined the problem-solving strategies and systematic errors of (n=82) preservice elementary school teachers related to place value concepts and decimal representations of rational numbers. Problems were posed in the unfamiliar domain of numeration systems with bases other than base ten. (Contains 13 references.) (MKR)
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, Elementary Education, Higher Education, Learning Strategies
deBettencourt, Laurie U.; Putnam, Ralph T. – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1993
Compared use of derived fact strategies involving addition and subtraction by 20 learning-disabled students (LDSs) from an intermediate level self-contained class to 22 grade-3 normally achieving students (NASs). LDSs did not differ from NASs in verbal fluency or use of alternative strategies. (Contains 20 references.) (MDH)
Descriptors: Addition, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Style, Concept Formation
Orton, Robert E. – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1991
Describes how a mathematics teacher's knowledge level can be supported or justified by a criterion different from test scores of teacher's students, namely the ability of the teacher to justify teaching practices by appealing to concurrent learning method. Two examples are provided that formalize theoretical justifications as practical arguments…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Style, Elementary Secondary Education, Epistemology
Cobb, Paul – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1991
Challenged is the traditional model for the transmission of mathematics in the elementary school classroom. An inquiry approach to learning mathematics is proposed and supported with results of a year long research project that exposed second graders to mathematical learning experiences using this approach. (MDH)
Descriptors: Beliefs, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Concept Formation
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