Retrieval practice is a learning strategy that has repeatedly been found to have positive effects on memory and learning. However, studies indicate that students rarely use retrieval practice on a voluntary basis. The objective of the present study was to examine students' self-regulated use of retrieval practice, and to determine whether sex and…

The aim of this study is to reveal the profiles of pre-service mathematics teachers in terms of learning and studying approaches by cluster-analyzing them on the basis of self-reinforcing and persistence. Learning and studying approaches inventory scale, self-reinforcing and persistence subscales were used to collect the data in the study, which…

Learners' acquisition of pragmatic competence in additional languages has received mounting attention since the 1990s. However, although studies on general learning strategies have proliferated since Oxford's (1990) influential inventory was published, studies on pragmatic-specific learning strategies contributing to the acquisition of this…

The purpose of this research was to examine college students' conceptions of learning computer science and approaches to learning computer science and to examine the relationships among these two important constructs and possible moderating factors. Student data (N = 193) were collected using the conceptions of learning computer science and the…

It is important to enhance meta-cognitive skills that control one's learning process to acquire a desired level of learning. Students with good meta-cognitive skills can concentrate his or her attention on learning unit; make a contrast between essential and irrelevant information; use the strategies that are effective to keep the information and…

Children's approaches to learning (AtL) has been identified in research and policy as a key domain of children's school readiness. However, relatively little is known about the child and family factors that shape early AtL, how it varies in the general population, or how it develops and changes through the early years of schooling. This…

Understanding of the differential washback effects of high-stakes tests on students' learning remains limited. This study attempts to fill this research gap by investigating the differential washback effects of the National Matriculation English Test (NMET) in China on students' English learning process across genders, grades and English…

The aim of this study was to determine sustainable learning levels of students. The study also attempted to determine sustainable learning levels of students based on gender and grade. The participants of the study consisted of 742 high school students (354 females and 388 males) in various high schools in Babaeski district of Kirklareli, Turkey…

Learning in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) is challenging, leaving many students to give up on these subjects. Specifically, females are underrepresented in STEM industries. Identifying how male and female students deal with STEM learning challenges, and how this relates to learning outcomes, may inform teaching that best…

This study investigated the self-regulated learning (SRL) perceptions of foreign language learners at a public university in Turkey. A quantitative crosssectional model was chosen as the framework. Data were collected by means of a scale originally developed by Hirata (2010). The study was conducted with 230 voluntary participants selected…

Learning styles and preferences are often discussed topics in educational psychology, but are less prevalent in business education. International students are another understudied segment of business education. This article reviews literature regarding learning styles and preferences and examines whether U.S. and international students have…

Insights on the use of the Core Self-Evaluation (CSE) and Study Process Questionnaire (SPQ) instruments are presented. The relationship of students' CSE with their approach to studying and learning is explored. Differences in approach to studying are also analyzed based on several categorical variables.

While learning English plays an essential role in today's life, vocabulary achievement is helpful to overcome the difficulties of commanding the language. Drawing on data from three months experimental work, this article explores how two mapping strategies affect the learning vocabularies in EFL male learners. While females were studied before,…

As a still popular research area, Language Learning Strategies (LLS) researches need to be enhanced, since it consists of different phenomenon such as age, gender, individual differences and learning environment. At a glance, previous studies in the literature state that most of LLS researches are conducted in just learner-contexts in schools or…

Management of the study environment is crucial to the learning process, and this management in an online class setting is even more challenging. This study investigates models of environmental structuring in online groupwork in China, as reported by 307 graduate students in 80 groups. At the group level, environment management was positively…