This paper summarizes key stages in development of the Structural Learning Theory (SLT) and explains how and why it is now possible to model human tutors in a highly efficient manner. The paper focuses on evolution of the SLT, a deterministic theory of teaching and learning, on which AuthorIT authoring and TutorIT delivery systems have been built.…

AuthorIT and TutorIT represent a fundamentally different approach to building and delivering adaptive learning systems. Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) guide students as they solve problems. BIG DATA systems make pedagogical decisions based on average student performance. Decision making in AuthorIT and TutorIT is designed to model the human…

This article summarizes the current status of AuthorIT authoring and TutorIT delivery platforms available at www.TutorITweb. It is based on two recent publications, and includes a short history of developments along with references and relationships to the goals established for the GIFT framework established by the Army Learning Model (ALM). Also…

This article begins with a summary of two dominant approaches to adaptive learning systems: Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS), which have been around since the late 1970s and relatively new learning systems based on Learning Analytics, deriving largely from technical advances in BIG DATA pioneered by Google. The article then describes a third…

This article exposes surprisingly close historical parallels in the development of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) based on biologically inspired ACT-R theories and dynamically adaptive tutoring systems based on operationally defined cognitive constructs that serve as a foundation for the Structural Leaning theory (SLT). The article begins with…

More and more things that humans used to do can be automated on computer. In each case, complex tasks have been automated -- not to the extent that they can be done as well as humans, but better. I will draw and develop parallels to education -- showing how and why advances in the Structural Learning Theory (SLT) and the AuthorIT development and…

According to Wikipedia "Automation is a step beyond mechanism." Whereas mechanization provided human operators with machinery to assist them with the muscular requirements of work, automation greatly reduces the need for human sensory and mental requirements as well. In this context, Artificial Intelligence (AI) was founded on the claim that a…

The paper discusses how complex mathematical behaviors might possibly be accounted for in terms of a finite set of rules. Behaviors involved in knowing mathematical systems are extended to logical interrelationships between properties of mathematical systems. (JG)

Argues that microcomputers are inexpensive, reliable, and sufficiently powerful to meet important educational demands, and that with authoring/driver systems educators could make far greater use of what is known about cognitive processes, especially structural learning. (MER)

The author's theories concerning the learning of mathematical concepts are outlined. (SD)

Presents the current status and new perspectives on the Structured Learning Theory (SLT), with special consideration given to how SLT has been influenced by recent research in software engineering. Topics include theoretical constructs; content domains; structural analysis; cognition; assessing behavior potential; and teaching and learning issues,…

The postdoctoral fellowship afforded an opportunity for the author to engage in an intensive year of training and research in structural learning at the University of Pennsylvania and Standford University. The basic research goal was to clarify some of the fundamental problems involved in the teaching and learning of subject matters and the…

Provides a brief review of the recent history of educational psychology to provide a perspective for later remarks, summarizes some relevant portions of a new theory of structural learning (Scandura, 1971, 1973), and discusses how the theory might be extended to provide a basis for conceptualizing the teaching-learning process. (Author/RK)