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Investigating Insight as Sudden Learning
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Ash, Ivan K.; Jee, Benjamin D.; Wiley, Jennifer – Journal of Problem Solving, 2012
Gestalt psychologists proposed two distinct learning mechanisms. Associative learning occurs gradually through the repeated co-occurrence of external stimuli or memories. Insight learning occurs suddenly when people discover new relationships within their prior knowledge as a result of reasoning or problem solving processes that re-organize or…
Descriptors: Intuition, Learning Processes, Metacognition, Associative Learning
THE LEARNING BY DISCOVERY HYPOTHESIS.
WITTROCK, M.C. – 1964
A REVIEW OF THEORY AND EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON "THE LEARNING BY DISCOVERY HYPOTHESIS," AND RELATED LITERATURE ON CONCEPT-LEARNING AND PROBLEM-SOLVING, WAS PREPARED FOR A CONFERENCE IN NEW YORK CITY, 1965. RECENT CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN THE SUBJECT AREA WERE DESCRIBED. ATTEMPTS WERE MADE TO IDENTIFY INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT VARIABLES AND…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Concept Formation, Concept Teaching, Conferences
Mistakes as an Important Part of the Learning Process
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Swartz, Ronald – High School Journal, 1976
A leisurely approach to problem solving was taken since it was considered important to understand the problem of studying mistakes before educators discuss and use solutions to problems. Concrete suggestions on how to incorporate the study of mistakes into an educational program were provided. (Author/RK)
Descriptors: Curriculum Development, Decision Making, Discovery Processes, Educational Attitudes
Structuring an Adult Learning Environment. Part IV: Establishing an Environment for Problem Solving.
Frankel, Alan; Brennan, James – 1983
Through the years, many researchers have advanced theories of problem solving. Probably the best definition of problem solving to apply to adult learning programs is Wallas' (1926) four-stage theory. The stages are (1) a preparation, (2) an incubation period, (3) a moment of illumination, and (4) final application or verification of the solution.…
Descriptors: Adult Education, Adult Learning, Adult Programs, Discovery Processes
The Composition Class: Outward Bound.
Weiner, Linda – 1984
A college English teacher, dissatisfied with the approach used in her composition classes and with its results, turned to the Outward Bound concepts of the German physician and schoolmaster, Kurt Hahn. These concepts include a belief in the value of creating adversity in order to overcome it, a belief that important things happen to people who are…
Descriptors: Creative Teaching, Creative Thinking, Critical Thinking, Decision Making Skills
Divergent Production Stimulates Learning and Transfer.
Dirkes, M. Ann – 1980
Although teachers may sequence instructions carefully, they are unable to respond to the complex unique experience of each individual learner. Divergent production should be an instructional choice that enables individuals to learn through their own recall and idea construction. Learning is problem solving; when individuals do not know how to deal…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Concept Formation, Creative Thinking, Discovery Processes
Problem-Centered Social Studies Instruction. Approaches to Reflective Teaching.
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Gross, Richard E., Ed.; Muessig, Raymond H., Ed. – 1971
The plea of this bulletin, the second and full revision of The Problems Approach and the Social Studies copyrighted in 1955 and 1960, is for teachers to do more with the reflective method in their classrooms. It draws upon the latest and most pertinent insights distilled from research, theory, and practice associated with reflective thinking;…
Descriptors: Affective Objectives, Behavioral Objectives, Cognitive Objectives, Concept Teaching