Despite policy efforts over the last few decades to address racial disparities in education, often in the form of educator professional development, racism still manifests in educator practice, and Whiteness is often centered in the very processes designed to address exclusion. While research exists critiquing how systemic racism and Whiteness are…

This was a phenomenological study of racial privilege as experienced by White people who have struggled to become more racially aware and socially active in dismantling racism and White privilege. The primary conceptual framework for this study was Critical Race Theory with Transformative Learning theory and Racial Identity Development as…

Malcolm Knowles' theory of andragogy asserts that adult learners learn differently from younger learners and hence require a different kind of education. According to Knowles, andragogy is characterized by the following hallmarks: adult learners are self-directed, have accumulated vast experiences that add to their knowledge, are at a stage in…