This paper is part of an ongoing attempt to establish listening competencies for secondary school graduates. The paper relates the specific competencies to the International Literacy Association's definition of listening (the process of receiving, constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken language and/or nonverbals) and the established…

It is accepted that a secondary school graduate should be able to communicate, i.e. to be competent in the language skills of speaking, listening, reading, and writing. However, most state departments of elementary and secondary education fail to identify the skill of listening. Although federal recognition of listening as a language skill came in…

In the book, "Talking from 9 to 5," Deborah Tannen suggests that females have difficulty listening to males in the workplace because of the masculine inclination to talk sports the majority of the time. Men use sports idioms, metaphors, and cliches, making business a "peculiar language" which excludes "naive"…

Intended for college-level instructors, this paper aims to establish behavioral objectives for listening or listening competencies and provide experiential learning to develop and assess those objectives and/or competencies. The paper begins with an overview which notes the lack of material on listening competencies in many college speech…

The bare fact is that the speaker's words are nothing until the listener gives them meaning. The denotation of a word is developed through association with other words. The connotation is the more difficult concept to establish for the critical/comprehensive listener studying word meaning. The common explanation is that "connotation refers to…

In a recent survey of 200 college freshmen, 97% said they learn best by listening. Electronics and technology are excellent instructional supplements, but when they become the means of instruction, the instructors lose heart in relationship listening. Research indicates that "perceived caring" on the part of the students in regard to the…