During the past few decades, educators, advocates and researchers have developed initiatives to increase news media literacy. Recent surveys indicate that audiences combine agendas from various media to suit their own needs through group discussion. This process is called "agenda melding." Agenda melding includes the "need for…

This paper contributes to the discussion around methodologies effective in gathering the perspectives of young children for the purposes of research. It describes ecocultural theory, a theoretical model that has grown out of anthropology and cross-cultural psychology, and argues for the benefits of applying an ecocultural approach to interviews…

The effects of the actor-observer relationship (friendship or stranger) were tested to determine the attribution of responsibility for success or failure in a prisoner's dilemma game (PDG). Male subjects (N=80) participated, four subjects per experimental session. Two subjects competed in a non-zero sum, mixed-motive PDG while being observed by…

The "Contemporary Health Series" covers critical health and family life topics in a sequence of modules with two curricular divisions: "Into Adolescence" for middle school teachers and "Entering Adulthood" for high school teachers. This module presents a six-lesson curriculum for grades five through eight to provide students with the information…

The locus of control among married couples was compared to that among their friends. Also compared was the relationship between married couples' locus of control and their reported marital satisfaction. No correlation was found between friends' locus of control, whereas a positive correlation was found between married couples' locus of control.…

The role of locus of control in interpersonal attraction was examined by administering 1) the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale and 2) a sociometric test of friendship to 200 eighth graders. (CM)

This study investigated the interactive effects of friend deviance and reward dominance on the development of externalizing behavior of adolescents in the Child Development Project. Reward dominance was assessed at age 16 by performance on a computer-presented card-playing game in which participants had the choice of either continuing or…

This study examined four causal attributions (ability, effort, task difficulty and luck) for success and failure in achievement and affiliation contexts across five countries (U.S., South Africa, Japan, India, and Yugoslavia) in three subject majors: teacher training, social science, and science. Each 5x2x3x2 analysis of variance assessed the…

Two studies of nursery school children examined the relationship between friendships and sociometric judgments of social status. (Author/BB)

Identified resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled personality types among 7-year-old children. Found that resilient children, throughout adolescence, had higher academic achievement and fewer concentration problems and they more quickly developed a sophisticated understanding of friendship and an internal locus of control than the other…

Investigated the concerns that lead children to confide in others or refrain from doing so. Subjects were 8, 10, and 13 year olds. Results indicated that the children who more frequently confided in others and the children with more internal locus of control described more potential costs and benefits of confiding than did children who rarely…

Reviews research on the effects of school desegregation on achievement, self-concept, locus of control, and the social behavior of Black children. Describes a study that investigated the friendship-making behavior of second-grade children who were bused following the completion of kindergarten. (GC)

Noting that the protective factors that support positive development despite adversity are becoming better understood, this workbook discusses the importance of encouraging resilience in school-aged children living in challenging circumstances and shows how to evaluate resilience through the use of checklists and background information. The…