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Download full textGu, Lin; Lockwood, John; Powers, Donald E. – ETS Research Report Series, 2015
Standardized tests are often designed to provide only a snapshot of test takers' knowledge, skills, or abilities at a single point in time. Sometimes, however, they are expected to serve more demanding functions, one of them is assessing change in knowledge, skills, or ability over time because of learning effects.The latter is the case for the…
Descriptors: Language Tests, Second Language Learning, English (Second Language), Standardized Tests
Yen, Wendy M.; Lall, Venessa F.; Monfils, Lora – ETS Research Report Series, 2012
Alternatives to vertical scales are compared for measuring longitudinal academic growth and for producing school-level growth measures. The alternatives examined were empirical cross-grade regression, ordinary least squares and logistic regression, and multilevel models. The student data used for the comparisons were Arabic Grades 4 to 10 in…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Scaling, Item Response Theory, Test Interpretation
von Davier, Alina A.; Carstensen, Claus H.; von Davier, Matthias – ETS Research Report Series, 2006
Measuring and linking competencies require special instruments, special data collection designs, and special statistical models. The measurement instruments are tests or tests forms, which can be used in the following situations: The same test can be given repeatedly; two or more parallel tests forms (i.e., forms intended to be similar in…
Descriptors: Scores, Measurement Techniques, Competence, Comparative Analysis
