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Mairon, Noam; Abramson, Lior; Knafo-Noam, Ariel; Perry, Anat; Nahum, Mor – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Empathy and executive functions (EFs) are multimodal constructs that enable individuals to cope with their environment. Both abilities develop throughout childhood and are known to contribute to social behavior and academic performance in young adolescents. Notably, mentalizing and EF activate shared frontotemporal brain areas, which in previous…
Descriptors: Empathy, Correlation, Twins, Longitudinal Studies
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Toseeb, Umar; Oginni, Olakunle Ayokunmi; Dale, Philip S. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2022
There is considerable variability in the extent to which young people with developmental language disorder (DLD) experience mental health difficulties. What drives these individual differences remains unclear. In the current article, data from the Twin Early Development Study were used to investigate the genetic and environmental influences on…
Descriptors: Language Impairments, Correlation, Psychopathology, Mental Health
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Vitaro, Frank; Brendgen, Mara; Girard, Alain; Dionne, Ginette; Tremblay, Richard E.; Boivin, Michel – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2016
Exposure to deviant friends has been found to be a powerful source of influence on children's and adolescents' aggressive behavior. However, the contribution of deviant friends may have been overestimated because of a possible non-accounted gene-environment correlation (rGE). In this study, we used a cross-lagged design to test whether friends'…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Friendship, Aggression, Genetics
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Donati, Georgina; Dumontheil, Iroise; Meaburn, Emma L. – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2019
Individual differences in executive functions (EF) are heritable and predictive of academic attainment (AA). However, little is known about genetic contributions to EFs or their genetic relationship with AA and intelligence. We conducted genome-wide association analyses for processing speed (PS) and the latent EF measures of working memory (WM)…
Descriptors: Genetics, Executive Function, Educational Attainment, Individual Differences
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Harlarr, Nicole; De Thorne, Laura Segebart; Smith, Jamie Mahurin; Betancourt, Mariana Aparicio; Petrill, Stephen A. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2016
Purpose: We evaluated genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in language skills during early adolescence, measured by both language sampling and standardized tests, and examined the extent to which these genetic and environmental effects are stable across time. Purpose: We evaluated genetic and environmental…
Descriptors: Genetics, Environmental Influences, Individual Differences, Language Skills
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Friedman, Naomi P.; Miyake, Akira; Altamirano, Lee J.; Corley, Robin P.; Young, Susan E.; Rhea, Sally Ann; Hewitt, John K. – Developmental Psychology, 2016
Executive functions (EFs)--the higher level cognitive abilities that enable us to control our own thoughts and actions--continue to develop into early adulthood, yet no longitudinal study has examined their stability during the important life transition from late adolescence to young adulthood. In this twin study (total N = 840 individuals from…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Late Adolescents, Young Adults, Twins
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Markovitch, Noam; Luyckx, Koen; Klimstra, Theo; Abramson, Lior; Knafo-Noam, Ariel – Developmental Psychology, 2017
Identity formation is a key developmental task in adolescence. Although many adolescents in modern societies face issues of identity, there are substantial individual differences in identity exploration and commitment. Little is known about the origins of these individual differences. The current study investigated the genetic and environmental…
Descriptors: Early Adolescents, Identification (Psychology), Adolescent Development, Genetics
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Lyons, Michael J.; Panizzon, Matthew S.; Liu, Weijian; McKenzie, Ruth; Bluestone, Noah J.; Grant, Michael D.; Franz, Carol E.; Vuoksimaa, Eero P.; Toomey, Rosemary; Jacobson, Kristen C.; Reynolds, Chandra A.; Kremen, William S.; Xian, Hong – Developmental Psychology, 2017
In this longitudinal study we examined the stability of general cognitive ability (GCA), as well as heterogeneity and genetic and environmental influences underlying individual differences in change. We investigated GCA from young adulthood through late midlife in 1,288 Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging participants at ages ~20, ~56, and ~62 years.…
Descriptors: Twins, Genetics, Longitudinal Studies, Correlation
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Malanchini, Margherita; Tosto, Maria G.; Garfield, Victoria; Dirik, Aysegul; Czerwik, Adrian; Arden, Rosalind; Malykh, Sergey; Kovas, Yulia – Child Development, 2016
The study examined the etiology of individual differences in early drawing and of its longitudinal association with school mathematics. Participants (N = 14,760), members of the Twins Early Development Study, were assessed on their ability to draw a human figure, including number of features, symmetry, and proportionality. Human figure drawing was…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Preschool Education, Freehand Drawing, Mathematics Skills
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Deater-Deckard, Kirby – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2016
Most of the individual difference variance in the population is found "within" families, yet studying the processes causing this variation is difficult due to confounds between genetic and nongenetic influences. Quasi-experiments can be used to test hypotheses regarding environment exposure (e.g., timing, duration) while controlling for…
Descriptors: Quasiexperimental Design, Genetics, Short Term Memory, Individual Differences
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Tuvblad, Catherine; Gao, Yu; Wang, Pan; Raine, Adrian; Botwick, Theodore; Baker, Laura A. – Journal of Adolescence, 2013
The present study examined the genetic and environmental etiology of decision-making (Iowa Gambling Task; Bechara, Damasio, Damasio, & Anderson, 1994), in a sample of twins at ages 11-13, 14-15, and 16-18 years. The variance across five 20-trial blocks could be explained by a latent "decision-making" factor within each of the three times of IGT…
Descriptors: Genetics, Etiology, Environmental Influences, Twins
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Fearon, Pasco; Shmueli-Goetz, Yael; Viding, Essi; Fonagy, Peter; Plomin, Robert – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2014
Background: Twin studies consistently point to limited genetic influence on attachment security in the infancy period, but no study has examined whether this remains the case in later development. This study presents the findings from a twin study examining the relative importance of genetic and environmental influences on attachment in…
Descriptors: Twins, Genetics, Environmental Influences, Correlation
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Harden, K. Paige; Quinn, Patrick D.; Tucker-Drob, Elliot M. – Developmental Science, 2012
Sensation seeking is associated with an increased propensity for delinquency, and emerging research on personality change suggests that mean levels of sensation seeking increase substantially from childhood to adolescence. The current study tested whether individual differences in the rate of change of sensation seeking predicted within-person…
Descriptors: Delinquency, Adolescents, Genetics, Personality Change
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Tucker-Drob, Elliot M.; Reynolds, Chandra A.; Finkel, Deborah; Pedersen, Nancy L. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Aging-related declines occur in many different domains of cognitive function during middle and late adulthood. However, whether a global dimension underlies individual differences in changes in different domains of cognition and whether global genetic influences on cognitive changes exist is less clear. We addressed these issues by applying…
Descriptors: Genetics, Environmental Influences, Aging (Individuals), Cognitive Ability
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Raby, K. Lee; Cicchetti, Dante; Carlson, Elizabeth A.; Egeland, Byron; Collins, W. Andrew – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Longitudinal research has demonstrated that individual differences in attachment security show only modest continuity from infancy to adulthood. Recent findings based on retrospective reports suggest that individuals' genetic variation may moderate the developmental associations between early attachment-relevant relationship…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Attachment Behavior, Security (Psychology), Genetics
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