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Wilhelmsen, Tiril; Lekhal, Ratib; Alexandersen, Nina; Brandlistuen, Ragnhild E.; Wang, Mari V. – European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 2021
In this study, we explored how free play and scaffolding practices in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) related to children's externalising problems both in ECEC and later in school. Furthermore, we aimed to reduce the knowledge gap of whether these relations depended on children's differences in emotional temperament. We used structural…
Descriptors: Young Children, Personality, Early Childhood Education, Child Care
Hirschi, Andreas; Lee, Bora; Porfeli, Erik J.; Vondracek, Fred W. – Journal of Vocational Behavior, 2013
Proactive career behaviors become increasingly important in today's career environment, but little is known about how and when motivational patterns affect individual differences. In a six-month longitudinal study among German university students (Study 1; N = 289) it was demonstrated that motivation in terms of "can do" (self-efficacy…
Descriptors: Behavior, Motivation, Individual Differences, Self Efficacy
Caprara, Gian Vittorio; Tisak, Marie S.; Alessandri, Guido; Fontaine, Reid Griffith; Fida, Roberta; Paciello, Marinella – Developmental Psychology, 2014
This study examines the role of moral disengagement in fostering engagement in aggression and violence through adolescence to young adulthood in accordance with a design in which the study of individual differences and of their relations is instrumental to address underlying intraindividual structures and process conducive to detrimental conduct.…
Descriptors: Aggression, Violence, Moral Values, Psychological Patterns
Lee, Julie – Health Education Journal, 2014
Objective: This study examined the growth pattern in physical aggression over a five-year period among South Korean early adolescents and the effects of temperament (anger/frustration and emotion regulation) and parenting (harsh parenting and parental monitoring) on early adolescents' physical aggression. Design: A five-year longitudinal design…
Descriptors: Personality, Foreign Countries, Early Adolescents, Parenting Styles
Cramér-Wolrath, Emelie – Sign Language Studies, 2013
The aim of this longitudinal case study was to describe bimodal and bilingual acquisition in a hearing child, Hugo, especially the role his Deaf family played in his linguistic education. Video observations of the family interactions were conducted from the time Hugo was 10 months of age until he was 40 months old. The family language was Swedish…
Descriptors: Deafness, Foreign Countries, Bilingualism, Sign Language
Cramer-Wolrath, Emelie – Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 2012
This case study longitudinally analyzes and describes the changes of attentional expressions in interchanges between a pair of fraternal twins, 1 deaf and 1 hearing, from the age of 10-40 months, and their Deaf family members. The video-observed attentional expressions of initiating and reestablishing interchange were grouped in 5 functional…
Descriptors: Attention, Young Children, Twins, Sign Language
Oravecz, Zita; Tuerlinckx, Francis; Vandekerckhove, Joachim – Psychometrika, 2009
In this paper, we present a diffusion model for the analysis of continuous-time change in multivariate longitudinal data. The central idea is to model the data from a single person with an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck diffusion process. We extend it hierarchically by allowing the parameters of the diffusion process to vary randomly over different persons.…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Models, Personality, Multivariate Analysis
Weinraub, Marsha; Bender, Randall H.; Friedman, Sarah L.; Susman, Elizabeth J.; Knoke, Bonnie; Bradley, Robert; Houts, Renate; Williams, Jason – Developmental Psychology, 2012
Nighttime sleep awakenings and infant and family characteristics were measured longitudinally in more than 1,200 infants when the infants were 6, 15, 24, and 36 months old. By 6 months of age, the majority of children slept through the night, awakening their mothers only about once or twice per week. However, not all children followed this…
Descriptors: Parent Child Relationship, Depression (Psychology), Personality, Infants
Al-Hendawi, Maha – ProQuest LLC, 2010
Individual differences in temperament can be a risk or a protective factor for a child, especially for children at-risk who possess single or multiple risk factors that may interfere with their educational success and affect their healthy development and their life-long outcomes. This research study examined the concurrent and longitudinal…
Descriptors: Educational Objectives, Persistence, Outcomes of Education, Academic Achievement
Kokko, Katja; Pulkkinen, Lea; Huesmann, L. Rowell; Dubow, Eric F.; Boxer, Paul – Journal of Research on Adolescence, 2009
This study examined the prediction of different forms of adult aggression in 2 countries from child and adolescent aggression. It was based on 2 longitudinal projects: the Jyvaskyla Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (JYLS; N = 196 boys and 173 girls) conducted in Finland and the Columbia County Longitudinal Study (CCLS; N =…
Descriptors: Aggression, Children, Foreign Countries, Social Development
Hambrick, David Z.; Pink, Jeffrey E.; Meinz, Elizabeth J.; Pettibone, Jonathan C.; Oswald, Frederick L. – Intelligence, 2008
The purpose of this study was to investigate sources of inter-individual differences in current events knowledge. The study occurred in two sessions. In the initial session, 579 participants completed tests to ability, personality, and interest factors, as well as prior knowledge of current events. Approximately 10 weeks later, participants…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Current Events, Structural Equation Models, Prior Learning

Matheny, Adam P., Jr. – Child Development, 1983
Factor scores from Bayley's Infant Behavior Record (obtained from 300 to 400 infants at six, 12, 18, and 24 months) were selected to represent three aspects of infant behavior: task orientation, test affect-extraversion, and activity. Findings indicate reordering of individual differences is age-related and that the reordering sequence is somewhat…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Genetics, Individual Differences, Infant Behavior

Worobey, John; Lewis, Michael – Developmental Psychology, 1989
Studied individual differences in reactivity in 40 newborns. Measures of reactivity were related during the first two months of extrauterine life. (RJC)
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Infant Behavior, Infants, Longitudinal Studies

Pettit, Gregory S.; Bates, John E. – Child Development, 1984
Investigated continuities in mother-infant interaction observed at home, maternally perceived infant difficulties, and infant developmental competency. Also assessed were background characteristics and possible variables moderating maternal report of satisfaction with adjustment. A total of 128 dyads were assessed when infants were 6 and 13 months…
Descriptors: Competence, Individual Characteristics, Individual Differences, Infants

Emde, Robert N.; And Others – Child Development, 1992
Assessments of temperament, emotion, cognition, and language acquisition were obtained for 200 pairs of 14-month-old twins. Comparisons between the assessment correlations for identical and fraternal twins indicated an influence of genetics on inhibition, activity, temperament, empathy, negative emotion, spatial memory, categorization skills, and…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Emotional Development, Genetics, Individual Differences