The article examines possible conflicts between specific aspects (particularly the individualized education program and mainstreaming) of P.L. 94-142 (Education for All Handicapped Children Act) and the broad intent, or spirit of the Law. (SBH)

Inclusion of students with disabilities, especially those with mental retardation, has come to mean the placement of all students in general education classrooms, sometimes with limited planning for the individual needs of each student. Several court cases, laws, and movements have brought about the level of inclusion that exists today. However,…

The booklet on mainstreaming looks at the merging of special and regular education as a process rather than as an end. Chapters address the following topics (sample subtopics in parentheses): what is mainstreaming; pros and cons of mainstreaming; forces influencing change in special education (educators, parents and advocacy groups, the courts,…

Intended as a practical guide, the handbook presents information on implementation issues of P.L. 94-142, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. The book is organized into two main sections: an overview of federal, state, and local responsibilities in special education, legislative…

The paper focuses on trends in the areas of emotional disabilities (ED) related to identification, programming considerations, and general delivery issues. An increase in the number of children identified as ED has affected the need for more programs and personnel for this group and on public awareness of the disability. Other trends are the use…

Three hundred individualized education programs (IEPs) and corresponding psychoeducational assessments were collected from the files of children who had been identified as educable mentally retarded (EMR), emotionally disturbed (ED), learning disabled (LD) and other. Frequency distributions were performed on the data obtained from the IEPs and…

The authors encourage the inclusion of recreation in the individualized education plans (IEPs) of retarded students by selectively reviewing the literature. In addition, specific instructional concepts are presented (such as integration with nonhandicapped and use of task analysis). (Author/SBH)

Sections consider placement criteria for physical education services, use of test results for developing the individualized education program and determining the least restrictive physical education placement, placement criteria for noncurricular physical education, and basic provisions of federal laws. (SB)

Shows that, for the most part, legislation mandating the development of individual educational programs (IEPs) for children receiving special services is effective, but that parents are less positive about some aspects of the IEPs than about others. (Author/FL)

The paper reviews judicial rulings regarding labeling, due process in placement, and right to education for handicapped students with emphasis on the hearing impaired. Statutes and regulations guaranteeing rights to the handicapped are discussed. The issues surrounding the individualized education program and the least restrictive environment…

A case for "special-ordinary" education is made in the context of the Effective Schools Movement. Development and maintenance of the "Most Enhancing Environment" (rather than the Least Restrictive Environment) and appropriate goals are discussed. (JC)

The author, a research officer at the National Foundation for Educational Research investigating provisions for children with special needs in regular schools, discusses contrasts in special education practice between England and the United States. (SBH)

Oklahoma's policies regarding developing and implementing individualized education programs (IEPs) for handicapped students are set forth. An introductory section lists local education agency responsibility. Policies are detailed in succeeding chapters for the following aspects (sample subtopics in parentheses): screening (public awareness,…

The author reviews results of eight research papers with conflicting data on effectiveness of special versus regular class placement for educable mentally retarded children, expresses need for more research, and emphasizes use of the individualized education plan to determine the most appropriate setting for a child. (MC)

The author reviews changes in America, Great Britain, Australia, New Zealand, and elsewhere in the educational opportunities and treatment of exceptional children. (PHR)