An experiment tested hypotheses derived from self-categorization theory's explanation for gender-based language use. Under high or low conditions of gender salience, men and women sent e-mail to an ostensible male or female recipient yielding either an intra- or an intergroup setting. Gender salience was manipulated so that the stereotypically…

Data on sexual preferences of 243 male homosexuals were analyzed to determine how they fit the insertee-inserter dichotomy. The fit between the dichotomy and the data was very poor. The most popular set of sexual preferences was for all roles combined, both active and passive, anal and oral. (Author)

Examines the tendency of men to engage in domestic violence and sexual exploitation and presents male sex-role acquisition as a process of psychosocial violence against young boys, which creates a sense of shame, powerlessness, self-alienation, isolation from others, and retaliatory rage and inhibits capacities for intimacy and mutuality.…

Subtle effects of gender stereotyping in children's literature were studied in 30 noted children's books from 1984 through 1994. Results show more males in titles and pictures, with no difference in central roles. Males were described as more active, but adjectives used for females were more positively evaluated. (SLD)

Both male and female third graders generally attributed male traits to boy peers and female traits to girl peers. Sex differences appeared on the self-description measure: girls saw their behavior as more similar to female traits than male traits, while boys saw their behavior as equally similar to both. (Author/GC)

Gender differences in reported anger and fear toward hypothetical males and females were explored in 120 6- to 12-year olds, 129 14- to 16-year olds, and 178 adults. Anger-producing or frightening situations or those depicting male stereotypic behaviors elicited the most gender consistent differences. (SLD)

The well-meaning liberal male (WMLM) is a man who talks a liberal stereotype but behaves inconsistently with his professed beliefs. Using Ajzen and Fishbein's model of behavioral prediction based on attitudinal assessment, males identified as WMLM's, sincere liberals, and traditionalists from the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) were compared.…

Suggests that an essential part of any theory of bisexuality is a treatment of the effects of sexual stigma, stigma avoidance, and being defined as "different among the already stigmatized." (Author/AM)

Investigates approval/disapproval of behavioral performance in terms of the relative status of male and female role positions. Reports that male role behaviors are more highly approved than female role behaviors for both male and female college students. (ST)

The continuity of play styles of preschool children over a 1-year period was observed and related to teacher and peer reinforcement patterns influenced by sex stereotypes. Sixty-seven children, aged 18 months to 58 months, were observed in a natural setting using a behavior checklist consisting of 33 child behavior categories and 15 teacher- and…

Leader behavior of males and females in three-person experimental groups was investigated in varying contexts. Deviating from stereotypical expectations, females reacted to "achieved" leader role by relatively intense leadership efforts, a response predicted for males but not females. Also, both sexes addressed more directive behavior toward own…

The contemporary movement toward examination of one's life script gives rise to a program designed to help men think through the issues of masculine conditioning and to prepare themselves for more satisfying male roles. (Author)

Considers the direct and interactive relationships between three sex role variables and Type A/Type B behavior in college students of both sexes. The following measures were taken: (1) Type A behavior; (2) sex role behavior; (3) gender-schema; and (4) stress. (JS)

Investigated whether abused and neglected children differ from other children in their nonverbal attachment and communicative behavior. Found that in comparison (1) abused children avoided contact and interaction and (2) abused females exhibited more avoidance than males. (PD)

Few therapists are trained to provide affirmative, effective therapy for clients who are sexually nontraditional and from various multicultural backgrounds. The author explores several models that can be used to increase students' understanding of such clients. Pederson's Triad model uses the theory of three conversations at work in the counseling…