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Children with ADHD Symptoms Show Decreased Activity in Ventral Striatum during the Anticipation of Reward, Irrespective of ADHD Diagnosis
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van Hulst, Branko M.; de Zeeuw, Patrick; Bos, Dienke J.; Rijks, Yvonne; Neggers, Sebastiaan F. W.; Durston, Sarah – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2017
Background: Changes in reward processing are thought to be involved in the etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as other developmental disorders. In addition, different forms of therapy for ADHD rely on reinforcement principles. As such, improved understanding of reward processing in ADHD could eventually lead to…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Task Analysis, Reinforcement, Therapy
Types of Noncompliance in Boys with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder with and without Oppositional Behavior
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Johnston, Charlotte; Murray, Candice – Child & Family Behavior Therapy, 2007
This study examined both the frequency and type of noncompliant behavior in 14 boys with co-occurring Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant (OD) behavior, 24 boys with only ADHD, and 33 nonproblem boys. Mothers rated boys' noncompliant behavior on the Response Style Questionnaire (RSQ) and observers coded…
Descriptors: Parent Child Relationship, Mothers, Males, Hyperactivity
Maternal Age at First Birth and Boys' Risk for Conduct Disorder.
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Wakschlag, Lauren S.; Gordon, Rachel A.; Lahey, Benjamin B.; Loeber, Rolf; Green, Stephanie M.; Leventhal, Bennett L. – Journal of Research on Adolescence, 2000
Studied multigenerational links between maternal history of problem behavior, mother's age at birth of first child, and child conduct disorder in boys. Found that maternal age at first birth was associated with child's conduct disorder, and maternal history of problem behavior was also associated with early maternal age at first birth and the…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Age, Attention Deficit Disorders, Behavior Disorders