Data from 181 proteges were used to compare perceptions of mentoring in cross- and same-gender relationships. Mentor role perceptions were not influenced by mentor or protege gender. Cross-gender proteges were less likely to engage in social activities with mentors, and female proteges with female mentors were more likely to identify mentors as…

This research documents the mentors and mentoring functions experienced by school and district administrators. Both sexes frequently have mentors, but mentoring functions are more helpful to women. The psychosocial functions of mentoring are important to both sexes, and school boards may want to adopt policies that will encourage mentoring. (VM)

Implications for teacher hiring practices are drawn from a study comparing male and female elementary school teachers on two dimensions: tendency to establish control in a classroom and need for personal power. (CW)

Differences between male and female coaches of female high school basketball teams in five areas of coaching philosophy were examined. The coaches shared a similar philosophy on most issues, regardless of gender. Female coaches were somewhat more conventional than male coaches of female teams. (JD)

This survey indicates that professional growth in public relations is related to the practitioner's gender and role (manager vs. technician): Women earn less than men and fill the technician's role with greater frequency than men. (PD)

A study was conducted to investigate the impact of role models on students' perceived competence, stress, and satisfaction with graduate school. Specific emphasis was given to the effects of gender on the evaluation process. Twenty-one male and female graduate students in communications were asked to designate the existence of a role model…

The academic productivity of four groups was measured: male Ph.D's who had male dissertation advisors; female Ph.D's who had female advisors; female Ph.D's who had male advisors; and male Ph.D's who had female advisors. Academic productivity was measured by the quantity of research published by these two groups for a four-year period following…

This article discusses the possible advantages of providing scholars with same-sex role models. Factors that may inhibit professional advancement in the case of cross-sex role models are described. (Author/EB)

Student attitudes and sex stereotypes were investigated in high schools with male and female principals to ascertain whether experiencing women in leadership roles related to greater student acceptance of women's capabilities. Boys, significantly more than girls, believed women lack leadership characteristics, regardless of the principal's gender.…

This article explores some of the major influences affecting the development of female sex-role identity and the psychological and social consequences of this deveopment during childhood and adolescence. (Author/EB)

A two-part study investigated female college students' preferences for stereotyped or nonstereotyped role models and the relationship of such preferences to the choice of traditional versus nontraditional careers. A total of 211 women students from a mid-Atlantic state university (all the enrolled women) as well as a stratified-by-college…

In two studies, children rated infant pictures on an "unhappy-happy" scale after being told how adolescent male models (black or white) had allegedly rated them. The subjects in Experiment 1 were black and white females and males (ages 9-12 years) attending inner-city schools in Des Moines, Iowa. Those in Experiment 2 were white females and males…

Interviews reveal that black student-athletes are placed in the middle of a credibility conflict between the faculty, the administration, and the community. Balancing academic, athletic, and personal demands is a herculean task. Black student-athletes need a caring institutional atmosphere to improve their academic performance. (BJV)

Shows that role relationships of others to 142 (78 males, 64 females) rural Montana high school students varies across socioeconomic status, residence, and level of aspiration for males, but not for females. Results are interpreted within traditional sex-role socialization practices and differential opportunity structure by community of residence.…

Seven men, beginning careers as elementary school teachers, describe their experiences as men working with young children. Issues they confront in their workplaces and assumptions and stereotypes about men in nontraditional occupations are discussed. The call for more men in elementary school oversimplifies complex issues. (SLD)