The advent of generative AI (GenAI) technology has impacted second language (L2) learning and assessment, offering new opportunities for learners to practice and improve their skills. One approach gaining interest is employing GenAI tools as writing or speaking partners to provide personalized, real-time feedback and assistance to learners. These…

The emergence of ChatGPT, an OpenAI chatbot, has revolutionised our education system to a new phase. It is an innovative approach to future learning, including in the English as a Second Language (ESL) classroom. Since its inception, ChatGPT has been remarkably used by most educators and learners. Nevertheless, its application in the flipped…

With advances in technology, intelligent personal assistants (IPAs) have become available to assist users with a variety of tasks using voice commands. Because IPAs may induce dialogic interactions, researchers speculated that they may benefit second language learning, especially regarding pronunciation, listening and speaking skills. So far, very…