A descriptive study using a survey design was implemented to investigate the scope of independent learning projects related to nursing initiated and completed by Kansas Registered Nurses. Findings indicate that nurses' involvement in independent learning projects was substantial and perceived by nurses as successful. (Author/CH)

Includes an historical review of continuing medical education (CME) in the United States from 1909, when the Blackburn Plan began, to the post-World War II era, with the growth of instructional technology. Two earlier studies that reviewed evaluation research in CME are discussed. Lloyd's brief response disputes some of Abrahamson's points. (SK)

A survey of 1,102 Michigan physicians and a second survey of 532 physicians attending continuing medical education classes covered the topic of whether or not continuing medical education should be made mandatory. The results do not support a return to mandatory continuing medical education. (Author/CH)

Using data from various studies, the author considers the effectiveness of mandatory continuing education as a means of strengthening the relicensure process. The article focuses on the mandatory continuing education movement in the health professions. (Author/CH)