This qualitative case study explores how implementing mandated collaboration in the workplace impacts teachers' professional practices based on the experience of primary school teachers in Ethiopia. The study adopted a constructivist orientation, which prompted the use of qualitative methods of inquiry, and data were collected through eighteen…

A Performance and Development Framework has been introduced by the New South Wales Department of Education, the largest provider of schooling in Australia, during a period of unparalleled reform. Engagement with the Framework is mandatory for all the Department's teachers, and is linked to improving student outcomes through enhanced teacher…

This study is about the perceptions of Company Secretaries about effectiveness of their formal and mandatory Continuing Professional Education (CPE) programme run by the Institute of Company Secretaries of India. The objectives were to ascertain: (1) to what extent do Company Secretaries perceive their CPE as effective, (2) what are the various…

The Commission on International Adult Education (CIAE) of the American Association for Adult and Continuing Education (AAACE) provides a forum for the discussion of international issues related to adult education in general, as well as adult education in various countries around the globe. These papers are from the CIAE 2020 Virtual International…

Since 2004, professional accountancy bodies in membership of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) have been required to adopt mandatory continuing professional development (CPD) schemes. This research explores the learning activities of members of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW) which introduced an…

This article provides an overview of problem-based learning (PBL) in Canadian undergraduate medical education and continuing medical education (CME) programs. The CME field in Canada is described, and the major professional associations that require physicians to take annual courses and programs are noted. A brief history of PBL in undergraduate…

Analysis of continuing professional development (CPD) policies in 101 British professional associations found 40 references to mentoring. Those with voluntary rather than mandatory CPD were significantly more likely to mention it. Mentoring is seen as supporting both personal and professional development, and it can help develop reflective…

Mandatory versus voluntary continuing professional education was the focus of a survey of 87 Australian professional associations (62 responses). Many of the 37 with voluntary policies have a laissez-faire attitude. The 19 with mandatory policies share few common characteristics. Award restructuring, national qualifications, and competency-based…

In Australia, continuing professional education policy and provision are not integrated in relation to professional education, other education sectors, cross-professional contact, or purpose. Debates about mandatory continuing education and competence have exacerbated the lack of integration. Closer ties with professional education could improve…

Responses from 43.6% of 250 dentists and 66.9% of 166 dental hygienists surveyed displayed some support for mandatory continuing education and sharp disagreement over the need for a bachelor's degree. Hygienists in nontraditional careers supported it, whereas those in traditional practice and dentists were less favorable. (SK)

Focus groups of 50 British professional associations and interviews in 30 identified key trends driving change in professional continuing education (PCE): movement toward structured and mandatory PCE, links to career planning, and new methods of measuring achievement. Trends reflect the impact of changes in standards and values of practice and the…

Mandatory continuing education (MCE) has become widely accepted across many professions and jurisdictions in Canada as a re-credentialing mechanism. MCE is defined as continuing professional education (CPE) courses and/or programs, beyond the entry-level educational requirements, required by a licensure board, professional organization, or the…

The author states that a central debate in the issue of continuing education for health science professionals is voluntary versus mandatory participation. She questions the assumption that participation in continuing education equals continuing competence and proposes a throrough examination of the rationale, opportunities, and obstacles related…

Concern about the continued competence of professionals is manifested by several professional groups in Canada. To protect the public and to inform professionals of new trends in their field, professional groups have begun to require mandatory professional development from their members. (EC)

Reviews of the disciplines of law, medicine, engineering, and math/science teaching in Australia examined five issues concerning continuing professional education: (1) importance; (2) purpose; (3) relationship to preservice training; (4) mandatory/voluntary options; and (5) delivery. (SK)