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Manches, Andrew; O'Malley, Claire – Cognition and Instruction, 2016
This article focuses on how the representational properties of manipulatives affect the strategies children employ in problem solving. Two studies examined the effect of physical materials on 4-7-year-old children's problem solving strategies in a numerical (i.e., additive composition) task. The first study showed how children not only identified…
Descriptors: Manipulative Materials, Object Manipulation, Young Children, Problem Solving
Volk, Christian; Ritchie, Donn – 1999
The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of two generative learning strategies, concept maps and manipulation of objects, and to determine if either works better with individual learners or in cooperative learning groups. A total of 80 sixth-grade students in science education were randomly assigned to group or individual…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Comparative Analysis, Concept Mapping, Cooperative Learning